{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T16:59:44Z","timestamp":1780765184407,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC2302500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2302500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2022-I2M-3-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-I2M-3-001"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Leading Talent Program of Yunnan Province","award":["202405AB350002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202405AB350002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005147","name":"Applied Basic Research Key Project of Yunnan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["202501AS070054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202501AS070054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005147","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction\/Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) poses a threat to global public health with a mortality rate of up to 30%. However, there is currently no commercialized SFTSV vaccine. This study focused on the construction of DNA vaccines with different structures based on the surface glycoproteins Gn and Gc to identify the immunodominant conformations. Methods: The DNA vaccines encoding secretory proteins including Gn or Gc monomer, heterodimer of Gn and Gc (dimer), two forms of hexamer composed of the Gn and Gc heterodimer (hexamer-1 and hexamer-2) or ferritin nanoparticles of Gn, and non-secretory proteins including Gn (Gn-TM) and Gc (Gc-TM) were constructed. Western blot confirmed the expression level and the specificity of those DNA vaccines. After vaccinating mice with those DNA vaccines, its induced humoral and cellular immunity were comprehensively evaluated. Results: The DNA vaccines were constructed successfully. The DNA vaccines of Gn and polymers including dimer, hexamer-2, and ferritin nanoparticles inducing stronger binding antibody, neutralizing antibody, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity. The neutralizing antibody induced by these constructs was also cross-recognized by other five SFTSV pseudovirus strains. However, the T cell response induced by Gc, dimer or hexamer-2 DNA vaccines were significantly higher than those in most other groups, including Gn. Conclusion: The DNA vaccines encoding dimer or hexamer-2 demonstrated superior immunogenicity over other conformations, after taking the results of humoral and cellular responses into account. This study revealed the advantages of using polymer conformations in SFTSV vaccine design and provided new targets in SFTSV vaccine development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines13121186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T10:24:17Z","timestamp":1763979857000},"page":"1186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The DNA Vaccines for the Gn and Gc Heterologous Polymer of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Induce Potent Immunogenicity in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5415-4832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiuju","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jincheng","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiamin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1010095","article-title":"Fever with thrombocytopenia associated with a novel bunyavirus in China","volume":"364","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. 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