{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T21:12:38Z","timestamp":1769029958172,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["#405741\/2024-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#405741\/2024-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) experience a high burden of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related diseases, yet data on HPV vaccination among this group in Brazil remain limited. Aims: The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of complete HPV vaccination and to identify factors associated with vaccination completion among MSM using PrEP in Brazil. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey between May and September 2025 among MSM aged \u226518 years, residing in Brazil and currently using oral PrEP. Participants were recruited through virtual snowball sampling and targeted advertisements on social media and a gay geosocial networking application. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire hosted on REDCap\u00ae. Complete HPV vaccination was defined as self-reported receipt of all doses recommended according to the participant\u2019s age and clinical condition. Sociodemographic characteristics, relationship patterns, sexual behaviors, lubricant use during sexual activity, and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were assessed. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust (sandwich) variance. Results: A total of 872 MSM using PrEP were included, of whom 59.4% reported complete HPV vaccination. In adjusted analyses, complete vaccination was more frequent among participants reporting both steady and casual partners (aPR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.36\u20132.65) or only casual partners (aPR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.24\u20132.39), those reporting lubricant use during sexual activity (aPR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.23\u20131.61), and those with a diagnosis of chlamydia and\/or gonorrhea in the previous 12 months (aPR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.08\u20131.36). Conclusions: Although HPV vaccination coverage among MSM using PrEP in Brazil is higher than that reported for MSM in general, it remains incomplete in a population with regular contact with specialized health services. Integrating systematic assessment and delivery of HPV vaccination into PrEP care may help increase vaccination completion and reduce missed opportunities for prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines14010092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T09:24:34Z","timestamp":1768901074000},"page":"92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["HPV Vaccination Completion Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Using HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2710-2122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro Francisco Lopes de","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus de Tr\u00eas Lagoas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Tr\u00eas Lagoas 79070-900, MS, Brazil"},{"name":"Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, REAL, NOVA University Lisbon, 1050-091 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5374-2293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lariane Angel","family":"Cepas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6800-971X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isadora Silva de","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9767-3938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ca\u00edque Jordan Nunes","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto 49100-000, SE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6416-0455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme Reis de Santana","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto 49100-000, SE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Carlos Soares da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1849-2095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Talia Gomes","family":"Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruan Nilton Rodrigues","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas Brand\u00e3o dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia Bellini","family":"Sorrente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Amanda","family":"Falsarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Luis Ferreira","family":"Cala\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6916-4025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula Morais","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, REAL, NOVA University Lisbon, 1050-091 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Nursing, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto College of Nursing, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902 SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.1.1-17.2003","article-title":"Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer","volume":"16","author":"Burd","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. 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