{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T04:07:15Z","timestamp":1784088435908,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In Turkey, meningococcal, rotavirus, and HPV vaccines are not included in the national schedule. We aimed to assess whether a face-to-face educational intervention could improve physicians\u2019 knowledge about these vaccines and influence their subsequent counseling and recommendation practices. Methods: We used a two-phase intervention with pre\/post assessment and a 4\u20136-week follow-up among family physicians. In Phase 1, participants received an in-person structured educational intervention on meningococcal, rotavirus, and HPV vaccines, and their knowledge was evaluated using identical true\/false tests administered before and after the session. Phase 2, conducted 4\u20136 weeks later, measured changes in physicians\u2019 self-reported frequency of providing recommendations about these vaccines, and whether they or their first-degree relatives had received any of the vaccines after the structured educational intervention. Differences in paired proportions were analyzed using McNemar\u2019s test (p &lt; 0.05). Results: Ninety-one physicians completed Phase-1; 70 from the same cohort completed Phase-2. Following the educational intervention, correct responses increased across multiple items: e.g., \u201cRotavirus vaccine is live\u201d 89.0%\u2192100% (p = 0.002); \u201cOnly humans are reservoir for meningococcal infection\u201d 50.6%\u219296.7% (p &lt; 0.001); \u201cMeningococcal vaccine cannot be co-administered\u201d (false) 70.3%\u219296.7% (p &lt; 0.001). Phase-2 showed more proactive practice: for HPV, 52.9% reported recommending it \u201cupon family request\u201d and 27.1% \u201cat every visit\u201d; for rotavirus, these were 37.1% and 35.7%, respectively. Overall, 52.9% reported having administered one of the three vaccines to themselves or first-degree relatives after structured educational intervention; 62.2% rated the educational intervention\u2019s influence on that decision as 10\/10. Conclusions: A structured educational intervention improved family physicians\u2019 knowledge and was associated with more proactive vaccine counseling and recommendation practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines14070616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T03:06:52Z","timestamp":1784084812000},"page":"616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Improving Family Physicians\u2019 Vaccine Recommendation Behaviors for Non-Routine Vaccines (Meningococcal, Rotavirus, and HPV): A Two-Phase Intervention Study in Primary Care in Turkey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1158-8876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zge","family":"Kilin\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geva\u015f No. 1 Family Health Center, 65700 Van, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7995-0866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ufuk","family":"\u00dcnl\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpa\u015fa University, 60100 Tokat, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boccalini, S. 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