{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T02:40:39Z","timestamp":1784688039458,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,23]],"date-time":"2021-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ID-20-15-00148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID-20-15-00148"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Universal hepatitis B vaccination of newborns was implemented in Russia starting from 1998. From 1998 to 2019, the incidence of acute hepatitis B reduced from 43.8 to 0.57 cases per 100,000 population. Here, we assessed the timely coverage of newborns with the birth dose (HepB-BD), second dose (HepB-2nd), and three vaccine doses (HepB3) in two remote regions of Russia with low (Belgorod Oblast) and high (Yakutia) levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity. Vaccination data were obtained from the medical records of 1000 children in Yakutia and 2182 children in Belgorod Oblast. Sera of healthy volunteers from Belgorod Oblast (n = 1754) and Yakutia (n = 1072) across all age groups were tested for serological markers of HBV to assess the infection prevalence and herd immunity. Average HepB-BD coverage was 99.2% in Yakutia and 89.4% in Belgorod Oblast (p &lt; 0.0001) and in both regions varied significantly, from 66% to 100%, between medical centers. The principal reason for the absence of HepB-BD was parent refusal, which accounted for 63.5% of cases of non-vaccination (83\/123). While timely HepB-2nd coverage was only 55.4%\u201364.7%: HepB3 coverage by the age of one year exceeded 90% in both study regions. HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence in the 1998\u20132019 birth cohort was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.01\u20131.3%) in Belgorod Oblast and 3.2% (95% CI: 1.9\u20135.2%) in Yakutia. The proportion of persons testing negative for both antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) in the 1998\u20132019 birth cohort was 26.2% (125\/481) in Belgorod Oblast and 32.3% (162\/501) in Yakutia. We also assessed the knowledge of and attitude towards vaccination among 782 students and teachers of both medical and non-medical specialties from Belgorod State University. Only 60% of medical students knew that hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable disease. Both medical and nonmedical students, 37.8% and 31.3%, respectively, expressed concerns about safety and actual necessity of vaccination. These data indicate the need to introduce a vaccine delivery audit system, improve medical education with respect to vaccination strategies and policies, and reinforce public knowledge on the benefits of vaccination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9020082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T12:28:31Z","timestamp":1611577711000},"page":"82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Coverage with Timely Administered Vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus and Its Influence on the Prevalence of HBV Infection in the Regions of Different Endemicity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3599-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen K.","family":"Kyuregyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Hepatitis, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7838-6965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera S.","family":"Kichatova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Hepatitis, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga V.","family":"Isaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Hepatitis, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya A.","family":"Potemkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Hepatitis, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5501-5707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena Yu.","family":"Malinnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Hepatitis, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Lopatukhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia A.","family":"Karlsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Hepatitis, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fedor A.","family":"Asadi Mobarhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugeniy V.","family":"Mullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga S.","family":"Slukinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita E.","family":"Ignateva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sakha Republic (Yakutia) Regional Department of Rospotrebnadzor, 677027 Yakutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Snezhana S.","family":"Sleptsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Institute, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 677010 Yakutsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena E.","family":"Oglezneva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belgorod Regional Department of Rospotrebnadzor, 308023 Belgorod, Russia"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Belgorod State National Research University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena V.","family":"Shibrik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Social Protection of the Population of Belgorod Region, 308005 Belgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9382-2254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria G.","family":"Isaguliants","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institute, 17165 Solna, Sweden"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenesis of Chronic viral Infections, NF Gamaleja Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Research Department, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail I.","family":"Mikhailov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Hepatitis, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2017). 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