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INFLAMUNE-CM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S2017\/BMD-3671. INFLAMUNE-CM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Universal vaccines can be prepared with antigens common to different pathogens. In this regard, the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a common virulence factor among pathogenic bacteria of the genera Listeria, Mycobacterium and Streptococcus. Their N-terminal 22 amino acid peptides, GAPDH-L1 (Listeria), GAPDH-M1 (Mycobacterium) and GAPDH-S1 (Streptococcus), share 95\u201398.55% sequence homology, biochemical and MHC binding abilities and, therefore, are good candidates for universal vaccine designs. Here, we used dendritic cells (DC) as vaccine platforms to test GAPDH epitopes that conferred protection against Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium marinum or Streptococcus pneumoniae in our search of epitopes for universal vaccines. DC loaded with GAPDH-L1, GAPDH-M1 or GAPDH-S1 peptides show high immunogenicity measured by the cellular DTH responses in mice, lacked toxicity and were capable of cross-protection immunity against mice infections with each one of the pathogens. Vaccine efficiency correlated with high titers of anti-GAPDH-L1 antibodies in sera of vaccinated mice, a Th1 cytokine pattern and high frequencies of GAPDH-L1-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and IFN-\u03b3 producers in the spleens. We concluded that GAPDH-L1 peptide was the best epitope for universal vaccines in the Listeria, Mycobacterium or Streptococcus taxonomic groups, whose pathogenic strains caused relevant morbidities in adults and especially in the elderly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9030269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T21:43:31Z","timestamp":1616017411000},"page":"269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Common Peptides of Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium marinum and Streptococcus pneumoniae as Universal Vaccines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2627-0597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Salcines-Cuevas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Oncolog\u00eda y Nanovacunas, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Cantabria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector","family":"Ter\u00e1n-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Oncolog\u00eda y Nanovacunas, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Cantabria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0841-3814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Calder\u00f3n-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Oncolog\u00eda y Nanovacunas, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Cantabria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Torres-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Oncolog\u00eda y Nanovacunas, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Cantabria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7032-8720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Tobes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alamo Blanco, 18110 Granada, Andalucia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Fresno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid &amp; DIOMUNE S.L., Parque Cient\u00edfico de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Calvo-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. Concepci\u00f3n P\u00e9rez Del","family":"Molino-Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonsoles","family":"Ya\u00f1ez-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Dermatolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Alvarez-Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Educaci\u00f3n y Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Avda. La Paz 137, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, La Rioja, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2013.03.004","article-title":"Glycodendrimers as new tools in the search for effective anti-HIV DC based immunotherapies","volume":"9","author":"Pion","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39193","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039193","article-title":"Mouse dendritic cells pulsed with capsular polysaccharide induce resistance to lethal pneumococcal challenge: Roles of T cells and B cells","volume":"7","author":"Cohen","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2664","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.29683","article-title":"Immunity, Immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis","volume":"10","author":"Ross","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. 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