{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:16:46Z","timestamp":1792660606634,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"U.S. Public Health Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 AI20925"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 AI20925"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"U.S. Public Health Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19AI144184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI144184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-AC52-07NA27344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-AC52-07NA27344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vaccines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted bacterium that infects over 130 million individuals worldwide annually. To implement a vaccine, we developed a cell-free co-translational system to express the Chlamydia muridarum major outer membrane protein (MOMP). This approach uses a nanolipoprotein particles (tNLP) made from ApoA1 protein, amphiphilic telodendrimer and lipids that self-assemble to form 10\u201325 nm discs. These tNLP provide a protein-encapsulated lipid support to solubilize and fold membrane proteins. The cell-free system co-translated MOMP and ApoA1 in the presence of telodendrimer mixed with lipids. The MOMP-tNLP complex was amenable to CpG and FSL-1 adjuvant addition. To investigate the ability of MOMP-tNLP+CpG+FSL-1 to induce protection against an intranasal (i.n.) C. muridarum challenge, female mice were vaccinated intramuscularly (i.m.) or i.n. and i.m. simultaneously 4 weeks apart. Following vaccination with MOMP-tNLP+CpG+FSL-1, mice mounted significant humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Following the i.n. challenge, mice vaccinated with MOMP-tNLP+CpG+FSL-1 i.n. + i.m. group were protected as determined by the percentage change in body weight and by the number of C. muridarum inclusion forming units (IFU) recovered from the lungs. To our knowledge, this is the first time a MOMP-based vaccine formulated in tNLP has been shown to protect against C. muridarum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9070755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T04:32:49Z","timestamp":1625718769000},"page":"755","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Induction of Protection in Mice against a Chlamydia muridarum Respiratory Challenge by a Vaccine Formulated with the Major Outer Membrane Protein in Nanolipoprotein Particles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Delia F.","family":"Tifrea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2795-0324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukumar","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9825-9381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela C.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean F.","family":"Gilmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas O.","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Rasley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1389-4018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew A.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis M.","family":"de la Maza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman, L., Rowley, J., Vander Hoorn, S., Wijesooriya, N.S., Unemo, M., Low, N., Stevens, G., Gottlieb, S., Kiarie, J., and Temmerman, M. 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