{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T01:07:54Z","timestamp":1787274474139,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute","award":["R01 CA253244-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA253244-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Venereology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oropharyngeal cancers (OPCa) caused by HPV have emerged as one of the leading causes of malignancies caused by HPV infection. They are also significantly more likely to occur in males and in people with a history of oral sex with multiple partners. Gay and bisexual men are disproportionately affected by HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers. We studied 1699 gay and bisexual men on 2 major dating sites in the US to assess their knowledge about HPV-related OPCa, attitudes toward screening for it, beliefs about oropharyngeal cancer screening based on the Health Belief Model, and attitudes toward possible screening approaches for OPCa. Knowledge on a 12-item scale was low, with a median of 5 items correct: 72% knew of the benefits of HPV vaccination. Significant predictors of needing OPCa screening included perception of risk for OPCa, seeing it as severe, having lower barriers, fewer reasons to avoid screening, higher knowledge, and being HPV vaccinated were significant predictors, explaining half the total variance. Most participants would accept routine, virtual\/online doctor or dental appointments, and over half would accept an in-person screening. Nearly two-thirds stated that they would accept getting checked for OPCa if they could do self-screening at home, and half were prepared to use an online screening tool or app, where they could take an \u201coral selfie\u201d and send it to a healthcare provider for examination. One-third stated that they would trust the results of a home screening completed by themselves and posted to a website equally as cancer screening completed online by a healthcare provider. Data indicate that despite low OPCA knowledge levels, the risk of HPV-associated OPCa was known. Being at personal risk and having knowledge of disease severity had 70% of the sample thinking about, or preparing to get, screening. Self-screening by a smartphone \u201coral selfie\u201d transmitted to a screening website was acceptable to many gay and bisexual men, and online screening by a doctor or dentist was acceptable to most. OPCa screening in this population using electronic technology, together with the increasing incidence of HPV-associated OPCa in gay and bisexual men, brings together an opportunity to detect OPCa early.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/venereology2040016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T05:57:08Z","timestamp":1701928628000},"page":"180-193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Screening for HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer in Gay and Bisexual Men: Acceptability and Predicting Possible Use of \u201cOral Selfies\u201d by Smartphone as a Secondary Prevention Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5718-9989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael W.","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1465-4454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Bennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niles","family":"Zoschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8862-531X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian R. Simon","family":"Rosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyndee L.","family":"Stull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan G.","family":"Nyitray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir S.","family":"Khariwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avenue360 Health Services, Houston, TX 77008, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlene","family":"Flash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avenue360 Health Services, Houston, TX 77008, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wilkerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-022-00603-7","article-title":"HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: Epidemiology, molecular biology and clinical management","volume":"19","author":"Lechner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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