{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:31:52Z","timestamp":1771000312455,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of the present study was to measure the concentration of Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and N-terminal-prohormone-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), in the serum of dogs with degenerative Mitral Valve Disease (MVD), in order to identify their association with the clinical stage and specific clinico-pathologic and echocardiographic findings.Eighty dogs diagnosed with MVD and staged according to the ACVIM (American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine) consensus statement (B1, B2, C and D), based on their clinical, radiographic, and echocardiographic findings, were included in the study. NT-proBNP was measured only in stage B1 and B2 dogs. Clinical stage did not have a significant effect on PON-1 concentrations (p = 0.149), but NT-proBNP levels were lower in B1 dogs (p = 0.001). A significant correlation between PON-1 and total plasma proteins (p = 0.001), albumin (p = 0.003) and white blood cell count (p = 0.041) was detected, whereas there was no significant correlation (p = 0.847) between PON-1 and NT-proBNP concentrations. PON-1 showed a significant but weak negative correlation with normalized left ventricular internal diameter at diastole (LVIDdn) (p = 0.022) and systole (LVIDsn) (p = 0.012), as well as mitral valve E to A wave velocity ratio (MV E\/A) (p = 0.015), but not with Left Atrial to Aortic root ratio (LA\/Ao) (p = 0.892) or fractional shortening (FS%) (p = 0.944). PON-1 seems to be an insensitive marker of clinical stage and disease severity in MVD, but can be indicative of some clinico-pathological and echocardiographic changes. NT-proBNP changes are independent of oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10010033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]],"date-time":"2023-01-02T03:00:59Z","timestamp":1672628459000},"page":"33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association of Paraoxonase-1 and NT-proBNP with Clinical, Clinico-Pathologic and Echocardiographic Variables in Dogs with Mitral Valve Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Rammal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos K.","family":"Koutinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8723-2629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Labrini V.","family":"Athanasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43131 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melpomeni","family":"Tangalidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9293-4147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila P.","family":"Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence \u2018Campus Mare Nostrum\u2019, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s\/n, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J.","family":"Cer\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence \u2018Campus Mare Nostrum\u2019, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s\/n, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2618-8668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Androniki","family":"Tamvakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Ecology and System Dynamics, Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael N.","family":"Patsikas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4039-2398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoe S.","family":"Polizopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2012.01.011","article-title":"Historical review, epidemiology and natural history of degenerative mitral valve disease","volume":"14","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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