{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T02:52:07Z","timestamp":1792464727010,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1F1A1059992"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1F1A1059992"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020R1F1A1052380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1F1A1052380"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020R1I1A3070874"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1I1A3070874"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multi-organ dysfunction following cardiac arrest is associated with poor outcome as well as high mortality. The kidney, one of major organs in the body, is susceptible to ischemia and reperfusion; however, there are few studies on renal ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) following the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest. Risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic drug, has been discovered to have some beneficial effects beyond its original effectiveness. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate possible therapeutic effects of risperidone on renal IRI following cardiac arrest. Rats were subjected to cardiac arrest induced by asphyxia for five minutes followed by ROSC. When serum biochemical analyses were examined, the levels of serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase were dramatically increased after cardiac arrest, but they were significantly reduced by risperidone administration. Histopathology was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Histopathological injury induced by cardiac arrest was apparently attenuated by risperidone administration. Furthermore, alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4 and interleukin-13) were examined by immunohistochemistry. Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine immunoreactivities were gradually and markedly increased and decreased, respectively, in the kidneys following cardiac arrest; however, risperidone administration after cardiac arrest significantly attenuated the increased pro-inflammatory cytokine immunoreactivities and the decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine immunoreactivities. Collectively, our current results revealed that, in rats, risperidone administration after cardiac arrest protected kidneys from IRI induced by cardiac arrest and ROSC through anti-inflammatory effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10030184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T04:28:41Z","timestamp":1677558521000},"page":"184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Risperidone Administration Attenuates Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury following Cardiac Arrest by Antiinflammatory Effects in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yang Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae-Kyeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Chul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8785-4508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dae Won","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5193-508X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun-Jin","family":"Tae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Biosafety Research Institute, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon Ha","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hyeon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5508-9004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Choong-Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7178-6501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moo-Ho","family":"Won","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seongkweon","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-307450","article-title":"Post-resuscitation care following out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"101","author":"Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02594-9","article-title":"Reversible myocardial dysfunction in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"40","author":"Laurent","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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