{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:43:05Z","timestamp":1780447385861,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,13]],"date-time":"2023-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Special Project for Fundamental Work in Science and Technology","award":["No. 2013FY110600-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2013FY110600-03"]}]},{"name":"the Special Project for Fundamental Work in Science and Technology","award":["No. 201303040-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 201303040-05"]}]},{"name":"the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest","award":["No. 2013FY110600-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2013FY110600-03"]}]},{"name":"the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest","award":["No. 201303040-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 201303040-05"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) is the main secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus flavus, which is highly toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic. It can induce immune imbalance in animals or humans. Penthorum chinense Pursh (PCP) is a traditional herbal plant that has been used as a hepatoprotective drug with a long history in China. Based on the theory of traditional Chinese Medicine, we prepared Penthorum chinense Pursh Compound (PCPC) by combining four herbal medicines: 5 g Penthorum chinense Pursh, 5 g Radix bupleuri, 1 g Artemisia capillaris Thunb and 1 g Radix glycyrrhizae. The role of the Penthorum chinense Pursh Compound (PCPC) in preventing AFB1-induced immune imbalance in broiler chickens was studied. A total of 180 broiler chickens were equally distributed in six groups: controls, AFB1, YCHD and high-, medium- and low-dose PCPC treatment groups. After 28 days, broilers were anesthetized, and serum spleen and thymus samples were collected for analysis. Results show that AFB1 significantly increased and decreased the relative organ weight of the spleen and thymus, respectively. Pathological section of hematoxylin\/eosin (H&amp;E) stained spleen sections showed that AFB1 resulted in splenic tissue damage. Both the serum levels of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) were suppressed in the AFB1 group. IL-6 was elevated in the AFB1 group. The balance between pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-\u03b3 and IL-2) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4) was disturbed by AFB1. The apoptosis-related protein and JAK\/STAT pathway-related gene expression indicated that AFB1-induced apoptosis via JAK\/STAT pathway. PCPC has proven its immunoprotective effects by preventing AFB1-induced immune imbalance. PCPC can be applied as a novel immune-modulating medicine in broiler chickens. It can be applied as a novel immune modulator in veterinary clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10080521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T10:40:31Z","timestamp":1692009631000},"page":"521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of Penthorum Chinense Pursh Compound on AFB1-Induced Immune Imbalance via JAK\/STAT Signaling Pathway in Spleen of Broiler Chicken"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Qin","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China"},{"name":"Wanzhou District Livestock Industry Development Center, Chongqing 404020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3219-4124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fazul","family":"Nabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenzhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habibullah","family":"Janyaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sakrand 67210, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.02.017","article-title":"Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) Production by Aspergillus Flavus and Aspergillus Parasiticus on Ground Nyjer Seeds: The Effect of Water Activity and Temperature","volume":"296","author":"Gizachew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. 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