{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:33:31Z","timestamp":1760150011540,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior\u2014Brazil (CAPES)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dogs are considered the major domestic reservoir for human visceral leishmaniasis, a serious disease caused by the Leishmania infantum parasite. Diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is critical for disease control, with several methods currently available. Among the serological tests, the DPP rapid test and the EIE-LVC, more commonly used in Brazil, are associated with variable sensitivity and specificity. Research with novel recombinant proteins such as the ELISA with the recombinant chimeric protein Q5 may therefore improve the CVL diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the true diagnostic potential of Q5 in an ELISA assay using a large number of CVL-suspected sera (406) with a previous positive diagnosis based on the rapid DPP test. Sera from the DPP-positive dogs, also assessed with the EIE-LVC test, were compared with sera from healthy dogs (n = 46) and used for ELISA tests using the recombinant Q5. The resulting data as well as the correlation with the clinical signs and the environmental characteristics of the animals were analyzed using Medal and GraphPad Prism 8.0. Overall, similar levels of lower sensitivity (67\u201368%) were seen for both the commercial EIE-LVC test and the Q5 ELISA when all assessed sera were considered, but a much greater sensitivity (92%) was seen for those samples from symptomatic dogs only. In contrast, many negative results were observed for the DPP-positive sera from asymptomatic dogs or those with no clinical information available. A selection of those sera were tested yet again in new ELISA assays using a second batch of the recombinant Q5, purified under milder denaturing conditions, as well as using another recombinant protein (Lci13). The results reveal a higher-than-expected incidence of likely false-positive results for DPP, reinforcing the need for other recombinant proteins, such as the chimeric Q5, to be investigated as possible alternatives to the currently used CVL diagnostic methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10100608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T04:52:36Z","timestamp":1696827156000},"page":"608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Diagnostic Potential for the Detection of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis of an ELISA Assay Based on the Q5 Recombinant Protein: A Large-Scale and Comparative Evaluation Using Canine Sera with a Positive Diagnosis from the Dual-Path-Platform (DPP) Test"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Larissa Ferreira","family":"de Ara\u00fajo Paz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adal\u00facia","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute\u2014Fiocruz, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hemilly Rayanne Ferreira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute\u2014Fiocruz, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0043-8577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena Paiva","family":"Cavalcanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute\u2014Fiocruz, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0954-5045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria Mar\u00e7al Felix","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinic, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Aracatuba 16050-680, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira","family":"da Cunha Beltr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Beatriz Ara\u00fajo","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osvaldo Pomp\u00edlio","family":"de Melo Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute\u2014Fiocruz, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zulma Maria","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-010, Brazil"},{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute\u2014Fiocruz, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7605-4687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wagner Jos\u00e9 Ten\u00f3rio dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute\u2014Fiocruz, Recife 50740-465, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lima, I.D., Lima, A.L.M., Mendes-Aguiar, C.O., Coutinho, J.F.V., Wilson, M.E., Pearson, R.D., Queiroz, J.W., and Jeronimo, S.M.B. 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