{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T20:13:24Z","timestamp":1784924004106,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,14]],"date-time":"2024-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food","award":["325-06.01-2821ERA27D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["325-06.01-2821ERA27D"]}]},{"name":"Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food","award":["220N293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220N293"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"Scientific and Technological Research Council of TURKEY (TUBITAK)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["325-06.01-2821ERA27D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["325-06.01-2821ERA27D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"Scientific and Technological Research Council of TURKEY (TUBITAK)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["220N293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220N293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["325-06.01-2821ERA27D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["325-06.01-2821ERA27D"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["220N293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220N293"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Brucellosis is a disease caused by the Brucella (B.) species. It is a zoonotic disease that affects farm animals and causes economic losses in many countries worldwide. Brucella has the ability to persist in the environment and infect the host at low doses. Thus, it is more important to trace brucellosis outbreaks, identify their sources of infection, and interrupt their transmission. Some countries already have initial data, but most of these data are based on a Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA), which is completely unsuitable for studying the Brucella genome. Since brucellosis is an endemic disease in Turkey, this study aimed to examine the genome of Turkish Brucella isolates collected between 2018 and 2020, except for one isolate, which was from 2012. A total of 28 strains of B. melitensis (n = 15) and B. abortus (n = 13) were analyzed using a core-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) analysis. A potential connection between the Turkish isolates and entries from Sweden, Israel, Syria, Austria, and India for B. melitensis was detected. For B. abortus, there may be potential associations with entries from China. This explains the tight ties found between Brucella strains from neighboring countries and isolates from Turkey. Therefore, it is recommended that strict measures be taken and the possible effects of uncontrolled animal introduction are emphasized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci11070316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T12:44:36Z","timestamp":1721047476000},"page":"316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An Evaluation of the Lineage of Brucella Isolates in Turkey by a Whole-Genome Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0894-7357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kadir","family":"Akar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Y\u0131l University, 65090 Van, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Holzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Livestock Infectiology and Environmental Hygiene, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3759-2439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludwig E.","family":"Hoelzle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Livestock Infectiology and Environmental Hygiene, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1201-4920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fclseren","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z \u00d6z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NRL for Brucellosis, Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, 34890 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaimaa","family":"Abdelmegid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5411-6234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emin Ayhan","family":"Baklan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NRL for Brucellosis, Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, 34890 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buket","family":"Ero\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NRL for Brucellosis, Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, 34890 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1923-1186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eray","family":"At\u0131l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NRL for Brucellosis, Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, 34890 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawky A.","family":"Moustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6259-1932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gamal","family":"Wareth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, 07743 Jena, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manar","family":"Elkhayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"OIE (2021, September 22). 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