{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:20:05Z","timestamp":1793330405614,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PRIMA project \u201cOmega rabbit: food for health benefit\u201d (ORABBIT)"},{"name":"University of Sassari"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examined the effects of extruded linseed and algae Padina pavonica extract on the reproductive performance, milk production, and gastrointestinal health of female rabbits. Thirty-six nulliparous New Zealand White female rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 12) with different diets. The control group (CNT) received a standard diet, while the other two groups received modified isoenergetic diets in which part of the CNT diet ingredients were replaced with 5% extruded linseed (L5%) and 5% extruded linseed plus 0.2% Padina pavonica algae extract (L5%PP). The rabbits were monitored from artificial insemination until the weaning of the rabbit kits, evaluating different reproductive parameters. Our results indicate that extruded linseed and alga Padina pavonica extract did not affect the feed intake or body weight of female rabbits. Additionally, no clinically significant histological changes were observed at the gastrointestinal level. The reproductive parameters, including litter size, litter weight, and milk yield, showed no significant differences among groups. Notably, perinatal and pre-weaning mortalities were reduced in litters born to females receiving omega-3 integrated diets (p &lt; 0.05). While these findings are promising, further studies are needed to confirm these results and explore the specific mechanisms by which omega-3 affects reproductive function and litter health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci11100457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T03:57:52Z","timestamp":1727755072000},"page":"457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Effect of Dietary Plant-Derived Omega 3 Fatty Acids on the Reproductive Performance and Gastrointestinal Health of Female Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1147-2540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alda","family":"Quattrone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4530-2291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafik","family":"Belabbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Research \u201cHealth and Animal Productions\u201d, Higher National Veterinary School, Road Issad 26 Abes, Oued Smar, Algiers 16200, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1947-4033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nour Elhouda","family":"Fehri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Agradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8131-4340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Michela","family":"Mazzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0828-4610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olimpia","family":"Barbato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Dal Bosco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5063-6785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Mattioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0901-0910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastiana","family":"Failla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l\u2019Analisi Dell\u2019Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Zootecnia e Acquacoltura, Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Via Salaria 31, 00015 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7639-4080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El-Sayed M.","family":"Abdel-Kafy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12651, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3961-6350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bayrem","family":"Jemmali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LR13AGR02, Higher School of Agriculture, University of Carthage, Mateur 7030, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9191-9750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Im\u00e8ne Ben","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement des Productions Animales, Service de Zootechnie et Economie Agricole Ecole Nationale de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Sidi Thabet 2020, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Mandara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3544-8812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Giglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Colin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COPRI Sarl, Coat Izella 2, 29830 Ploudalmezeau, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0081-785X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathieu","family":"Guillevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valorex, La Messayais, 35210 Combourtill\u00e9, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7209-9885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald","family":"Mu\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Kod\u00ebr Kam\u00ebz, 1029 Tirana, Albania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majlind","family":"Sul\u00e7e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Kod\u00ebr Kam\u00ebz, 1029 Tirana, Albania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3771-757X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Castrica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beng\u00fc","family":"Bilgi\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4791-0514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Laura","family":"Marongiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4750-2801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Brecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6352-0036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulio","family":"Curone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8500-7970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Menchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93\/95, 62024 Matelica, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2005.06.009","article-title":"Energy Balance and Reproductive Performance in Rabbit Does","volume":"93","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.4081\/ijas.2007.1s.743","article-title":"Reproductive Activity and Welfare of Rabbit Does","volume":"6","author":"Castellini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ital. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2020.106505","article-title":"Energy Homeostasis in Rabbit Does during Pregnancy and Pseudopregnancy","volume":"218","author":"Menchetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.10.003","article-title":"The Main Factors Affecting the Reproductive Performance of Rabbit Does: A Review","volume":"122","author":"Castellini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2018.12.016","article-title":"Effects of Goji Berries Supplementation on the Productive Performance of Rabbit","volume":"220","author":"Menchetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andoni, E., Curone, G., Agradi, S., Barbato, O., Menchetti, L., Vigo, D., Zelli, R., Cotozzolo, E., Ceccarini, M.R., and Faustini, M. (2021). Effect of Goji Berry (Lycium Barbarum) Supplementation on Reproductive Performance of Rabbit Does. Animals, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11061672"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serra, V., Castrica, M., Agradi, S., Curone, G., Vigo, D., Di Giancamillo, A., Modina, S.C., Riva, F., Balzaretti, C.M., and De Bellis, R. (2023). Antioxidant Activity of Different Tissues from Rabbits Fed Dietary Bovine Colostrum Supplementation. Animals, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13050850"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12935","article-title":"Defining \u2018Nutraceuticals\u2019: Neither Nutritious nor Pharmaceutical: Defining \u2018Nutraceuticals\u2019","volume":"83","author":"Aronson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Sabrout, K., Khalifah, A., and Ciani, F. (2023). Current Applications and Trends in Rabbit Nutraceuticals. Agriculture, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture13071424"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2018.01.024","article-title":"The Different Effects of Linseed and Fish Oil Supplemented Diets on Insulin Sensitivity of Rabbit Does during Pregnancy","volume":"118","author":"Menchetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3279670","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3279670","article-title":"Effect of Dietary n-3 Source on Rabbit Male Reproduction","volume":"2019","author":"Castellini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.107.060558","article-title":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Male and Female Reproduction1","volume":"77","author":"Wathes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.5.1085","article-title":"Purified Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids Have Differential Effects on Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins, LDL Particle Size, Glucose, and Insulin in Mildly Hyperlipidemic Men","volume":"71","author":"Mori","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.40.2.280","article-title":"Influence of Dietary Fat Composition on Development of Insulin Resistance in Rats: Relationship to Muscle Triglyceride and \u03c9-3 Fatty Acids in Muscle Phospholipid","volume":"40","author":"Storlien","year":"1991","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"S19","article-title":"Dietary Fatty Acids and Coronary Heart Disease","volume":"34","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S107","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-001-0691-y","article-title":"The Electrophysiologic Basis for the Antiarrhythmic and Anticonvulsant Effects of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Heart and Brain","volume":"36","author":"Leaf","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.20.1.431","article-title":"Fatty Acids and Immune Responses\u2014A New Perspective in Searching for Clues to Mechanism","volume":"20","author":"Hwang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-001-0805-6","article-title":"Mechanisms of Action of Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Nervous System","volume":"36","author":"Salem","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4327470","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4327470","article-title":"Effects of Diets Enriched in Linseed and Fish Oil on the Expression Pattern of Toll-Like Receptors 4 and Proinflammatory Cytokines on Gonadal Axis and Reproductive Organs in Rabbit Buck","volume":"2020","author":"Menchetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.04.049","article-title":"Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Dietary Sources, Metabolism, and Significance\u2014A Review","volume":"203","author":"Saini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(02)00253-6","article-title":"The Importance of the Ratio of Omega-6\/Omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids","volume":"56","author":"Simopoulos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1017\/S175173111900020X","article-title":"Dietary Fish Oil and Flaxseed for Rabbit Does: Fatty Acids Distribution and \u03946-Desaturase Enzyme Expression of Different Tissues","volume":"13","author":"Mattioli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12136","article-title":"Marine Bioactive Compounds and Their Health Benefits: A Review","volume":"14","author":"Hamed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Soufi, S., Garc\u00eda, J., Mu\u00ed\u00f1os, A., and L\u00f3pez-Alonso, M. (2022). Marine Macroalgae in Rabbit Nutrition\u2014A Valuable Feed in Sustainable Farming. Animals, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12182346"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Blas, C., and Wiseman, J. (2010). Nutrition of the Rabbit, CABI. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1079\/9781845936693.0000"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1080\/09712119.2013.783479","article-title":"Effects of Dietary Seaweed (Ulva Lactuca) Supplementation on the Reproductive Performance of Buck and Doe Rabbits","volume":"41","author":"Okab","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Anim. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.2478\/aoas-2019-0084","article-title":"Dietary Supplementation with Natural Extracts Mixture: Effects on Reproductive Performances, Blood Biochemical and Antioxidant Parameters in Rabbit Does","volume":"20","author":"Vizzarri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceano.2014.08.001","article-title":"Lipid Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Mediterranean Macro-Algae as Dynamic Factors for Biodiesel Production","volume":"57","author":"Fakhry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oceanologia"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Association of Official Analytical Chemist (AOAC) (2016). Official Methods of Analysis, AOAC. [20th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/50.1.50","article-title":"Use of Detergents in the Analysis of Fibrous Feeds. IV. Determination of Plant Cell-Wall Constituents","volume":"50","author":"Soest","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. AOAC Int."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"60","article-title":"Prediction of the Apparent Digestible Energy Content of Commercial Pelleted Feeds for Rabbits","volume":"11","author":"Maertens","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Appl. Rabbit Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5","article-title":"A Simple Method for the Isolation and Purification of Total Lipids from Animal Tissues","volume":"226","author":"Folch","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38081-0","article-title":"A Simple Procedure for Rapid Transmethylation of Glycerolipids and Cholesteryl Esters","volume":"23","author":"Christie","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brecchia, G., Mu\u00e7a, G., Munga, A., Menchetti, L., Galosi, L., Rossi, G., Barbato, O., Pastorelli, G., Agradi, S., and Serra, V. (2023). Goji Berry in the Diet of the Rabbit Buck: Effects on Semen Quality, Oxidative Status and Histological Features of the Reproductive Tract. Antioxidants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12111959"},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Garson, G.D. (2012). Testing Statistical Assumptions, Statistical Associates Publishing."},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Field, A. (2012). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS: And Sex and Drugs and Rock\u2019n\u2019roll, Sage. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.3.438","article-title":"Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Health and Disease and in Growth and Development","volume":"54","author":"Simopoulos","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2023.03.009","article-title":"Dietary Supplementation with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Effects on Reproductive and Productive Performance and Meat Quality in Rabbit Breeding","volume":"14","author":"Agradi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2014.02.021","article-title":"Reproductive Long-Term Effects, Endocrine Response and Fatty Acid Profile of Rabbit Does Fed Diets Supplemented with n-3 Fatty Acids","volume":"146","author":"Rebollar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2009.12.003","article-title":"Influence of Marine Algae (Schizochytrium spp.) Dietary Supplementation on Doe Performance and Progeny Meat Quality","volume":"128","author":"Mordenti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-6226(03)00125-8","article-title":"Effect of Parity Order and Litter Weaning Age on the Performance and Body Energy Balance of Rabbit Does","volume":"85","author":"Xiccato","year":"2004","journal-title":"Livest. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2012.12.017","article-title":"Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) on Growth Performance, Apparent Digestibility and Health Status of Companion Dwarf Rabbits","volume":"152","author":"Sartori","year":"2013","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731117003706","article-title":"Improvements in the Conception Rate, Milk Composition and Embryo Quality of Rabbit Does after Dietary Enrichment with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids","volume":"12","author":"Febrel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Curone, G., Biscarini, F., Cotozzolo, E., Menchetti, L., Dal Bosco, A., Riva, F., Cremonesi, P., Agradi, S., Mattioli, S., and Castiglioni, B. (2022). Could Dietary Supplementation with Different Sources of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Modify the Rabbit Gut Microbiota?. Antibiotics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11020227"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"3620","article-title":"Effects of Dietary Fish Oil Supplementation on Performance, Meat Quality, and Cecal Fermentation of Growing Rabbits1","volume":"95","author":"Carro","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez, M., Carro, M.D., Valiente, V., Formoso-Rafferty, N., and Rebollar, P.G. (2019). Supplementation with Fish Oil Improves Meat Fatty Acid Profile Although Impairs Growth Performance of Early Weaned Rabbits. Animals, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9070437"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)01293-1","article-title":"The Use of Cytological Examination of Vaginal Smears (CEVS) in the Selection of Rabbits for Superovulation","volume":"61","author":"Tsiligianni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3535","DOI":"10.4081\/ijas.2015.3535","article-title":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Combined with Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin to Enhance Reproductive Performance in Aged Rabbit Does","volume":"14","author":"Elkomy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ital. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"2690","article-title":"A Diet Supplemented with -3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Influences the Metabomscic and Endocrine Response of Rabbit Does and Their Offspring","volume":"95","author":"Lorenzo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez, M., Rebollar, P.G., Mattioli, S., and Castellini, C. (2019). n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor\/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit. Animals, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9100806"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(04)73236-1","article-title":"The Effects of Feeding Fish Oil on Uterine Secretion of PGF2\u03b1, Milk Composition, and Metabolic Status of Periparturient Holstein Cows","volume":"87","author":"Mattos","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.11.012","article-title":"Improvement of Conception Rate in Postpartum Flaxseed Supplemented Buffalo with Ovsynch + CIDR Protocol","volume":"137","author":"Nazir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burdge, G.C. (2018). Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism, Academic Press and AOCS Press. [1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-811230-4.00011-9"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2004.04.015","article-title":"The Effect of Embryonic Death Rates in Cattle on the Efficacy of Estrus Synchronization Programs","volume":"82\u201383","author":"Santos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2007.08.002","article-title":"Effect of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Pregnancy-Specific Protein B (PSPB), or Arachidonic Acid (AA) on Secretion of Progesterone and Prostaglandins (PG) E (PGE; PGE1 and PGE2) and F2\u03b1 (PGF2\u03b1) by Ovine Corpora Lutea of the Estrous Cycle or Pregnancy in Vitro","volume":"84","author":"Weems","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1530\/ror.0.0050038","article-title":"Effects of Dietary Fatty Acids on Reproduction in Ruminants","volume":"5","author":"Mattos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202473","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/202473","article-title":"Fetal and Neonatal Levels of Omega-3: Effects on Neurodevelopment, Nutrition, and Growth","volume":"2012","author":"Bernardi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-12-0091","article-title":"Rabbit as a Reproductive Model for Human Health","volume":"144","author":"Fischer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/121.12.1924","article-title":"High Levels of the (n-6) Fatty Acid 4,7,10,13,16-Docosapentaenoate in the Retinas of Rabbits Are Reduced by Feeding Dietary Fish Oil from Birth to Adult Life","volume":"121","author":"Lin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-0964","article-title":"Effect of Dietary Supplementation of N-3 Fatty Acids and Elevated Concentrations of Dietary Protein on the Performance of Sows","volume":"87","author":"Mateo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"Maertens, L., Aerts, J.M., and Brabander, D.L.D. (2005, January 29\u201330). Effet d\u2019un aliment riche en acides gras omega-3 sur les performances et la composition du lait des lapines et la viabilit\u00e9 de leur descendance. Proceedings of the 11 \u00e8mes Journ\u00e9es de la Recherche Cunicole, Paris, France."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/11\/10\/457\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:08:17Z","timestamp":1760112497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/11\/10\/457"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["vetsci11100457"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci11100457","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-7381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2306-7381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]}}}