{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:33:47Z","timestamp":1760146427792,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a case of fatal disseminated neosporosis in a 3-month-old Cane Corso puppy. The puppy presented to the Purdue Veterinary Hospital emergency service with a 1-week history of progressive left hindlimb lameness. On presentation, the puppy was nonambulatory paraparetic. Signs progressed over two days to nonambulatory tetraparesis, and decreased to absent limb reflexes, cranial nerve deficits, and dull mentation. Blood work showed eosinophilia, elevated ALT, and extremely elevated creatine kinase at 36,000 IU\/L (reference interval 22\u2013491 IU\/L). Two days after diagnostics were performed, the puppy experienced acute cardiac arrest, and the body was submitted for necropsy. At necropsy, skeletal muscle in all four limbs was diffusely pale tan. Tan streaks were disseminated through the diaphragm, abdominal wall, and myocardium. Histologically, Skeletal myocytes and cardiomyocytes were frequently degenerative, with abundant lymphohistiocytic inflammation and fibrosis. White matter within the brain and spinal cord was inflamed and contained frequent dilated myelin sheaths and spheroids. A few protozoal cysts were within the brain and skeletal myocytes. Antemortem antibody titers were positive for IgG against Neospora caninum (dilution titer of 1:4096, baseline 1:32), confirming protozoal cysts as Neospora caninum. Disseminated neosporosis is an uncommon but important clinical differential for ascending paresis in young dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci11110544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T04:03:24Z","timestamp":1730865804000},"page":"544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Disseminated Neospora caninum Encephalomyelitis and Myositis in a 3-Month-Old Cane Corso Puppy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7763-1084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail L.","family":"English","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"},{"name":"Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshuah B.","family":"Klutzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie A.","family":"Thomovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2168-8962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuko","family":"Wakamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"},{"name":"Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00031-06","article-title":"Epidemiology and control of neosporosis and Neospora caninum","volume":"20","author":"Dubey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"59","article-title":"Canine neosporosis: Perspectives on pathogenesis and management","volume":"7","author":"Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Maxie, M.G. (2016). Nervous System. Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer\u2019s Pathology of Domestic Animals, Elsevier. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0328-3","article-title":"Immunoanalysis of three litters born to a Doberman bitch infected with Neospora caninum","volume":"100","author":"Heckeroth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Couto, C.G., Couto, K.M., and Nelson, R.W. (2020). Neosporosis. Small Animal Internal Medicine, Elsevier. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16334","article-title":"Comparison of serum creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase activity in dogs with Neospora meningoencephalitis and noninfectious meningoencephalitis","volume":"36","author":"Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/11\/11\/544\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:26:57Z","timestamp":1760113617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/11\/11\/544"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["vetsci11110544"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci11110544","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-7381"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2306-7381"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]}}}