{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:13:38Z","timestamp":1792790018970,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program","award":["T2023334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2023334"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There are many applications of soybean lecithin (SL) and cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) in sperm freezing processes. To the best of our knowledge, there have been few cases of the combined use of SL and CLC in freezing rooster semen. We investigated the effects of CLC, SL, and their combination on rooster sperm cryodamage. Three experiments were conducted: experiment 1, SL (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2.0%); experiment 2, CLC (1.25 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg); and experiment 3, CLC + SL (2.5 mg + 0.25%, 2.5 mg + 0.5%, 2.5 mg + 1%, 2.5 mg + 1.5%). Semen samples were cryopreserved using a programmed cryostat, followed by the determination of post-thaw sperm quality, antioxidant indices, and hatching. The results showed that the combination of 2.5 mg CLC + 0.5% SL had the most significant synergistic effect on cryodamage, and the viability (56.69%), motility (54.35%), mitochondrial activity (54.23%), plasma membrane integrity (53.52%), acrosome integrity (54.71%), and antioxidant activity (MDA concentration: 5.65 nmol\/mL; SOD activity: 152.73 U\/mL) were significantly greater than those of the other combinations (p &lt; 0.05). Nevertheless, the combined CLC and SL addition group did not substantially increase the fertilization and hatching rates of frozen semen compared with the addition of 2.5 mg CLC. In conclusion, the addition of 2.5 mg CLC and 2.5 mg CLC + 0.5% SL enhanced the quality and fertility of frozen rooster sperm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci11120647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T05:55:45Z","timestamp":1734069345000},"page":"647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Optimization of Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin Combined with Soybean Lecithin as a Cryoprotectant for Rooster Sperm"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mengqian","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiehuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingwei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caifeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6762-1931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shushan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2372-4445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Defu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0670819","article-title":"Ultrastructure of fresh and frozen-thawed spermatozoa of high and low fertility lines of chickens","volume":"67","author":"Xia","year":"1988","journal-title":"Poult. 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