{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:10:40Z","timestamp":1790143840314,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,2]],"date-time":"2025-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease that spreads through contaminated soil and water or directly from infected animals through urine. Although animal-to-human transmission is low, humans are most susceptible to contracting leptospirosis from these contaminated sources. This makes leptospirosis a public health concern, and therefore it is important to control these bacteria from spreading into the environment. A survey targeting Los Angeles County communities, in which a 2021 leptospirosis outbreak occurred, was sent out via groups on the online platforms Instagram and Facebook to gather dog and owner demographics. With 92 (90.2%) respondents having a primary veterinarian, it could not be determined what caused certain owners to have a greater vaccination rate than those who did not (n = 10; 9.8%). Overall, 69 respondents (68%), regardless of whether they had a primary veterinarian or not, reported not knowing of canine leptospirosis and 79 (77%) not knowing the signs to look for or that it is zoonotic. These data help provide a basis in terms of the status of dog owners\u2019 knowledge of leptospirosis and how to begin to inform dog owners better about preventatives for this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12020119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T04:36:51Z","timestamp":1738557411000},"page":"119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating a Response to a Canine Leptospirosis Outbreak in Dogs Using an Owner Survey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sierra","family":"Villanueva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Veterinary Science Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 99701, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7367-9371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cord","family":"Brundage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse, WI 55601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2010.02505.x","article-title":"Leptospirosis: Aspects of innate immunity, immunopathogenesis and immune evasion from the complement system","volume":"73","author":"Fraga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand. 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