{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T14:02:27Z","timestamp":1784901747411,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratories"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) belongs to the Aviadenovirus genus within the Adenoviridae family. FAdVs are widely distributed and associated with various diseases in poultry, including adenoviral gizzard erosion (AGE), hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). In this study, we developed a multiplex conventional PCR for simultaneously detecting FAdV-4, -8b, and -11 by targeting the hexon gene. The multiplex PCR was optimized for primer concentrations and thermocycling conditions. The optimal primer concentration combination was set at 0.125 \u03bcM for FAdV-4, -8b, and 0.25 \u03bcM for FAdV-11. Under these conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) was 103 copies\/\u03bcL of plasmid standards for FAdV-4, -8b, and -11. These results demonstrated that the developed multiplex PCR method exhibits high specificity and sensitivity, with no observed cross-reactivity among these serotypes or with other poultry viruses. Therefore, this multiplex PCR will be an effective tool for accurate serotyping of FAdV-4, -8b, and -11, enabling more precise identification and differentiation of these three serotypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12020177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T04:40:25Z","timestamp":1739767225000},"page":"177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development of a Multiplex Conventional PCR Assay for Concurrent Detection of FAdV-4, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Su-kyung","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratories Co., Ltd., 1476-37 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dam-Hee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratories Co., Ltd., 1476-37 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2856-5255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyeongcheol","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratories Co., Ltd., 1476-37 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Sik","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratories Co., Ltd., 1476-37 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Joong","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Choong Ang Vaccine Laboratories Co., Ltd., 1476-37 Yuseong-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1660-8646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jongseo","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Grouping of Fowl Adenoviruses Based upon the Restriction Patterns of DNA Generated by Bam HI and Hin dIII: Restriction Patterns of DNA Generated by Bam HI and Hind III","volume":"22","author":"Kisary","year":"1984","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450050045440","article-title":"Detection and differentiation of avian adenoviruses: A review","volume":"29","author":"Hess","year":"2000","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"King, A.M., Lefkowitz, E., Adams, M.J., and Carstens, E.B. 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