{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:24:13Z","timestamp":1760059453302,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A lack of awareness among exotic bird owners regarding the quality of feed may contribute to adverse health outcomes, including toxicosis, systemic mycoses, and potentially neoplastic processes. Fungi of the Aspergillus genus are the most pathogenic to avian species, particularly due to their involvement in respiratory diseases such as aspergillosis, which affects the air sacs. This study aims to assess the presence of Aspergillus spp. in commercially available parrot feed (grain mixtures) available on the Polish pet market, considering different price categories. A total of 22 dry parrot food samples were analyzed using the PN-ISO 21527-2:2009 protocol. Aspergillus spp. colonies were isolated from 16 out of 22 samples (72.7%), indicating a high incidence of contamination. Although these results are preliminary, they highlight a microbiological risk associated with grain-based parrot feeds and underscore the need for stricter quality control and greater awareness among pet owners and manufacturers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12060597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T07:38:15Z","timestamp":1750232295000},"page":"597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Occurrence of Aspergillus spp. in Parrot Feeds on the Polish Market: The Potential Health Threat of Aspergillosis and Mycotoxicosis for Exotic Pet Birds, a Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Aleksandra Kornelia","family":"Maj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animallab Veterinary Laboratory, \u015arodkowa 2\/4, 03-430 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"G\u00f3recki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animallab Veterinary Laboratory, \u015arodkowa 2\/4, 03-430 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Szalu\u015b-Jordanow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0845-0810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawid","family":"Ja\u0144czak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Invasive Diseases and Veterinary Administration, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toru\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.5253\/078.099.0207","article-title":"Smelling out predators is innate in birds","volume":"99","author":"Amo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ardea"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"083002","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/aa8051","article-title":"Air pollution impacts on avian species via inhalation exposure and associated outcomes","volume":"12","author":"Sanderfoot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. 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