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This study evaluated the jejunal transcriptomic responses in ducks receiving apigenin and sodium butyrate supplementation under oxidative stress. In total, 200 healthy 300-day-old female Jinyun Ma ducks (1.53 kg \u00b1 0.15) were randomly divided into four groups, with five replicates per group. The groups were as follows: a control group (CON): ducks were fed a basal diet with sterile saline injection; a diquat-injection (DIQ) group: ducks were fed a basal diet with diquat injection; an apigenin plus diquat group (API): ducks were fed a basal diet containing apigenin (500 mg\/kg) with diquat injection; and a sodium butyrate plus diquat group (SB): ducks were fed a basal diet containing sodium butyrate (500 mg\/kg) with diquat injection. The injection dose of diquat is 8 mg\/kg body weight. Analysis revealed that the dietary supplementation of apigenin and sodium butyrate reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (p &lt; 0.05). Compared to the DIQ group, sodium butyrate supplementation during oxidative stress elevated jejunal villus height and villus height\/crypt depth ratio in ducks (p &lt; 0.05). The study identified that some candidate genes, including solute carrier family 4 member 3 (SLC4A3), ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (ADAM12), and B-cell lymphoma 2-associated-athanogene 3 (BAG3), were significantly upregulated, whereas claudin 23 (CLDN23) and glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 (G6PC1) were markedly downregulated in the API group in comparison with that in the DIQ group (p &lt; 0.05). Collectively, our findings provide molecular evidence for the beneficial effects of apigenin and sodium butyrate against oxidative stress in the jejunum of ducks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12070655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T12:46:33Z","timestamp":1752237993000},"page":"655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transcriptomic Insights into the Protective Effects of Apigenin and Sodium Butyrate on Jejunal Oxidative Stress in Ducks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanxue","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Biotech Breeding, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Biotech Breeding, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Xian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Xinchang Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Lishui 321400, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0710-3833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingyan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Veterinary Drug and Feedstuff, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Veterinary Drug and Feedstuff, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingkun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiqian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lizhi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Biotech Breeding, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-019-00388-7","article-title":"Isolation, culture, and identification of duck intestinal epithelial cells and oxidative stress model constructed","volume":"55","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"In Vitro Cell. 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