{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T01:10:02Z","timestamp":1787188202940,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Higher College of Technology","award":["213386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["213386"]}]},{"name":"Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority","award":["213386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["213386"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acaricide usage has led to the growing problem of resistance in ticks. A heavy tick burden and the presence of ticks on animals throughout the year, despite the monthly application of acaricides, in farms in the United Arab Emirates formed the motivation for this study. The objectives of this research were as follows: (a) to assess the acaricide resistance status of the most prevalent tick Hyalomma spp. to widely used acaricides Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin; (b) to identify the association of farm management practices and farm-level risk factors with the failure of tick treatment (acaracide resistance). A total of 1600 ticks were collected from 20 farms located in three different regions of Abu Dhabi Emirate including Al Ain (n = 10), Al Dhafra (n = 5), and Abu Dhabi (n = 5). The ticks were subjected to an in vitro bioassay adult immersion test (AIT) modified with a discriminating dose (AIT-DD) against commercial preparations of Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin. A questionnaire was designed to collect metadata and information on farm management and the farm-level risk factors associated with routine farm practices relating to the treatment and control of tick and blood parasite infections in camels and small ruminant populations. Hyalomma anatolicum and Hyalomma dromedarii were identified among the collected ticks, with H. anatolicum being the most prevalent tick species (70%) in the present study. The test results of the in vitro bioassay revealed varied emerging resistance to both of the acaricides in the majority of the three regions; fully susceptible tick isolates with zero resistance to Deltamethrin were recorded in one farm at Al Ain and two farms in the Abu Dhabi region. A questionnaire analysis showed that the failure of tick treatment in farms varied with the presence or absence of vegetation areas, types of animal breeds, and management practices. This study reports the emergence of resistance in ticks to Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin across the Abu Dhabi Emirate, indicating a strict warning for the cautious use of acaricides. There is also a need to improve awareness about sound tick management and control practices among farm owners through a multidisciplinary approach adopting integrated pest management strategies that engage farmers, veterinarians, and policy makers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12080712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T16:16:10Z","timestamp":1753805770000},"page":"712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["In Vitro Detection of Acaricide Resistance in Hyalomma Species Ticks with Emphasis on Farm Management Practices Associated with Acaricide Resistance in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shameem","family":"Habeeba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Affairs Division, Development and Innovation Sector, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1975-3454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasser","family":"Mahmmod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, 720 Northern Boulevard, Brookville, NY 11548, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hany","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Research & Capability Building Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hashel","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Affairs Division, Development and Innovation Sector, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Moustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Extension Services & Animal Health Division, Animal Wealth Sector, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assem","family":"Sobhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Extension Services & Animal Health Division, Animal Wealth Sector, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5595-0482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Sokary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Veterinary Sciences, Health Sciences Division, Al Ain Men\u2019s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al Ain 17155, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6069-147X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al Dhaid, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ameer","family":"Tolba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Research & Capability Building Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9090-6292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zulaikha","family":"Al Hammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Affairs Division, Development and Innovation Sector, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd","family":"Al Breiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Affairs Division, Development and Innovation Sector, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma Mohamed","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Affairs Division, Development and Innovation Sector, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e08718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e08718","article-title":"Development of acaricide resistance in tick populations of cattle: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Dzemo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perveen, N., Muzaffar, S.B., and Al-Deeb, M.A. (2021). Ticks and tick-borne diseases of livestock in the Middle East and North Africa: A review. 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