{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T11:57:55Z","timestamp":1788436675555,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shandong Province Pig Industry Technology System","award":["SDAIT-08-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SDAIT-08-04"]}]},{"name":"Major Innovative Projects in Shandong Province of research and application of environmentally friendly feed and the critical technologies for pigs and poultry without antibiotic","award":["2019JZZY020609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019JZZY020609"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite manganese\u2019s essential role as a cofactor for multiple enzymes, its potential to disrupt iron homeostasis when supplemented in excess remains a critical knowledge gap in swine nutrition. This study evaluated the effects of Mn (manganese)-supplemented diets on growth, hematology, mineral accumulation, digestibility, and intestinal iron transporter expression in weaned pigs. A total of 128 crossbred pigs (Duroc \u00d7 Landrace \u00d7 Largewhite) with an average body weight of 9.82 \u00b1 0.15 kg were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments comprising a basal diet supplemented with 0, 20, 40, or 80 mg MnSO4 per kg diet for 28 days. Blood samples were collected from 16 weaned pigs (1 pig per pen, 4 per treatment), after which animals were euthanized for tissue sampling. No differences were observed in growth performance. However, Mn concentrations in serum, liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, and metatarsal bones increased both linearly and quadratically with increasing dietary Mn (p &lt; 0.05), and Fe (iron) concentrations in serum, hemoglobin, liver, and metatarsal bone decreased (p &lt; 0.05). Apparent digestibility data further revealed that Mn absorption peaked at 20 mg\/kg, while Fe digestibility declined linearly with increasing Mn levels. Moreover, duodenal DMT1 (divalent metal transporter 1) mRNA expression was decreased, whereas FPN1 (ferroportin 1) was upregulated. These findings demonstrate that excessive Mn supplementation impairs dietary Fe absorption and homeostasis in weaned pigs, suggesting that the antagonism occurs at both the transcriptional and intestinal absorption levels, providing critical insights for dietary formulation in swine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12121118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T10:46:18Z","timestamp":1764067578000},"page":"1118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Excess Dietary Manganese Impairs Iron Nutrition via Modulating Duodenal Transporters in Weaned Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Maolian","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring for Animal Products and Veterinary Drug Innovation, Shandong Center for Quality Control of Feed and Veterinary Drug, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7280-7098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhuai","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruonan","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tai\u2019an Tumor Hospital, Tai\u2019an Third People\u2019s Hospital, Tai\u2019an 271000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring for Animal Products and Veterinary Drug Innovation, Shandong Center for Quality Control of Feed and Veterinary Drug, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenli","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring for Animal Products and Veterinary Drug Innovation, Shandong Center for Quality Control of Feed and Veterinary Drug, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring for Animal Products and Veterinary Drug Innovation, Shandong Center for Quality Control of Feed and Veterinary Drug, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Qiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring for Animal Products and Veterinary Drug Innovation, Shandong Center for Quality Control of Feed and Veterinary Drug, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring for Animal Products and Veterinary Drug Innovation, Shandong Center for Quality Control of Feed and Veterinary Drug, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring for Animal Products and Veterinary Drug Innovation, Shandong Center for Quality Control of Feed and Veterinary Drug, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4943-0322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuzhen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiren","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1981.61.2.249","article-title":"Teratogenic aspects of manganese, zinc, and copper nutrition","volume":"61","author":"Hurley","year":"1981","journal-title":"Physiol. 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