{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T05:33:27Z","timestamp":1766122407304,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018835","name":"Albert Heim Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["148"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020401","name":"Bern Center for Precision Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The chromatin remodelling proteins DAXX and ATRX are key regulators of genome stability and epigenetic processes. Alterations in their expression have been associated with tumour stage and prognostic outcomes in various human cancer types, whereas their role in veterinary oncology has received little investigation to date. We analysed canine prostate and urinary bladder samples, including 18 prostate carcinomas (12 adenocarcinomas and 6 prostatic urothelial carcinomas), 10 non-malignant prostate tissues, 22 urinary bladder carcinomas, and 6 non-malignant bladder tissues. Nuclear expression of DAXX and ATRX was assessed using fully quantitative digital immunohistochemistry. Overall, DAXX exhibited consistently higher expression than ATRX across benign and malignant samples from the prostate and bladder. DAXX and ATRX expression demonstrated a positive correlation across all samples (\u03c1 = 0.553, p &lt; 0.05), suggesting coordinated regulation. They displayed organ-specific expression patterns: prostate carcinomas showed increased expression of DAXX compared with non-malignant prostate tissues (p &lt; 0.05). In contrast, in the bladder, expression of DAXX and ATRX declined with increasing tumour grade (p &lt; 0.05). Our findings provide new insights into the potential of DAXX and ATRX as biomarkers, offering new insights into their clinical relevance in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12121209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T10:41:23Z","timestamp":1765968083000},"page":"1209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["DAXX and ATRX Expression in Canine Prostate and Bladder Cancer Identified by Immunohistochemistry\u2014A Digital Quantitative Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Annika","family":"Spitzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LABOKLIN GmbH&Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4601-1480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heike","family":"Aupperle-Lellbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LABOKLIN GmbH&Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 18, 80333 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Spitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LABOKLIN GmbH&Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Weidle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 18, 80333 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1006-1044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonore","family":"Aeschlimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Pathology, Comparative Pathology Plattform (COMPATH), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Schwinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LABOKLIN GmbH&Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6308-0568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Klopfleisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Free University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3049-0103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"de Brot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Pathology, Comparative Pathology Plattform (COMPATH), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2010.00974.x","article-title":"Methods and mortality results of a health survey of purebred dogs in the UK","volume":"51","author":"Adams","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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