{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:32:11Z","timestamp":1791639131871,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Society of Veterinary Endocrinology"},{"name":"Dechra Pharmaceuticals"},{"name":"MSD Animal Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Companion animal endocrinology has benefited from international standardisation of disease terminology for diabetes mellitus, Cushing\u2019s syndrome, and hypoadrenocorticism through Project Agreeing Language in Veterinary Endocrinology (ALIVE). A group of 14 experts and one chair convened for the third cycle of Project ALIVE, focusing on thyroid disease terminology. The cycle employed the modified Delphi approach from previous cycles, augmented by procedural refinements\u2014such as inclusion of an off-site chair and stricter adherence to timelines \u2014to improve efficiency and flexibility. Novel in this round was the integration of feedback from a previous cycle, which resulted in updated definitions for diabetes mellitus originally developed in ALIVE Cycle 1. Outcomes: A 100% consensus was achieved among panellists and 91.4\u2013100% among 105 members of international veterinary endocrinology societies (32% of total memberships) over 78 thyroid-related terminology items and five revised definitions pertaining to diabetes mellitus. These standardised definitions are expected to facilitate clearer communication and education, enhance diagnostic consistency, support research comparability, and improve clinical care in feline and canine endocrine diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13010035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T11:11:46Z","timestamp":1767352306000},"page":"35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Agreeing Language in Veterinary Endocrinology (ALIVE): Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, (Euglycaemic) Diabetic Ketosis\/Ketoacidosis, and Diabetic Remission\u2014A Modified Delphi-Method-Based System to Create Consensus Definitions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9667-6678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stijn","family":"Niessen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London AL9 7TA, UK"},{"name":"Veterinary Information Network, Davis, CA 95616, USA"},{"name":"Veterinary Specialist Consultations, 1215 JX Hilversum, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Shiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth 6150, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2279-3609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Astrid","family":"Wehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AniCura Medisch Centrum Voor Dieren, Isolatorweg 45, 1014 AS Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Daminet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Department, Ghent University, 9820 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3121-2199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Fracassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7133-1358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antech Diagnostics, Warwick CV34 6RR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9344-6639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9mie","family":"Korchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patty","family":"Lathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70820, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2463-4062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Escolar Veterin\u00e1rio, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Miceli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine (IBYME)\u2014CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8690-0776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmel","family":"Mooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Perez Alenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro, S\/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3016-1855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Endocrine Clinic, 21 West 100th St., New York, NY 20025, USA"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 602 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Schoeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort Private Bag X04, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the ESVE\/SCE 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