{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T08:23:29Z","timestamp":1773995009464,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project of Chongqing Municipal Key Project Task Book for Technological Innovation and Application Development","award":["CSTB2025TIAD-KPX0069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2025TIAD-KPX0069"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Science and Enterprise Consortium Germplasm Resources Collection and Utilization and Variety Trial","award":["KQ202301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KQ202301"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31802054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31802054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Co-infection with avian leukemia and Pullorum Disease severely compromises poultry health, yet its pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. We employed transcriptome sequencing to analyze gene expression changes and enriched pathways in kidney, spleen, and liver tissues of Chongqing Chengkou mountain chickens under single-infection (avian leukemia virus or Pullorum Disease) and co-infection conditions. Significant differences were observed in the number and pathways of differentially expressed genes between co-infected and single-infected groups. These genes were predominantly enriched in pathways involving extracellular matrix\u2013receptor interactions, PPAR signaling, and calcium ion signaling. RT-qPCR validation confirmed significant upregulation of MAPK10 and SQLE, alongside downregulation of genes such as FOXG1. This study identifies multiple differentially expressed genes and pathways associated with immunity and tumorigenesis, providing crucial molecular insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying avian leukemia and Pullorum Disease co-infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13030283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T10:11:12Z","timestamp":1773828672000},"page":"283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preliminary Transcriptomic Insights into the Combined Pathogenesis of Avian Leukosis Virus and Salmonella pullorum Co-Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Higher Education for Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Higher Education for Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Higher Education for Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Higher Education for Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keshan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qigui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1203-2059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Higher Education for Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Xu, M. 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