{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:55:05Z","timestamp":1792806905697,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the auspices of RISE","award":["LA\/P\/0053\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0053\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00snfqn58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Balc\u00e3o dos Fundos","award":["COMPETE2030-FEDER-00784600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COMPETE2030-FEDER-00784600"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pulmonary hypertension is a progressive syndrome characterised by pulmonary vascular dysfunction, inflammation, maladaptive remodelling, and progressive right-ventricular strain. Translational progress remains limited because experimental models reproduce only selected aspects of the complexity of human disease. This narrative review evaluates naturally occurring canine disease as a comparative and spontaneous model of human pulmonary hypertension within a One Health framework. To achieve this, we synthesise recent human and veterinary literature, international consensus statements, and key registry and imaging studies. We outline current human definitions and diagnostic pathways based on right-heart catheterisation, together with the veterinary probability-based approach centred on echocardiography; compare epidemiology across species; and summarise contemporary mechanisms spanning vascular dysfunction, immune and metabolic signalling, and right-ventricular adaptation. We then examine canine conditions that parallel major human pulmonary hypertension phenotypes, including left-heart disease due to myxomatous mitral valve degeneration, fibrotic interstitial lung disease in West Highland White Terriers, sleep-related airway obstruction in brachycephalic breeds, and rare venous and capillary disorders. When combined, these spontaneous models provide opportunities to investigate disease-modifying techniques other than vasodilation and allow for the longitudinal, real-world evaluation of imaging, functional assessments, and circulating biomarkers. To improve care for both veterinary and human patients, we conclude by outlining priorities for mechanism-based clinical trials, shared outcome measures, prospective registries and biobanks, and harmonised definitions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13040341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T16:34:08Z","timestamp":1774974848000},"page":"341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["One Health Insights into Pulmonary Hypertension: Bridging Human and Canine Medicine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5397-6216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Reis-Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio do Porto, Travessa Silva Porto 174, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5585-7446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Castanheira-Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Coelho-Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio do Porto, Travessa Silva Porto 174, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lus\u00f3fona University, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Animal Science Studies (CECA), Instituto de Ci\u00eancias, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA), University of Porto, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1527-3776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Br\u00e1s-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE-Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Department of Cardiology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Biom\u00e9dica (UMIB), Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR-Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3873-3886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Patr\u00edcia","family":"Fontes-Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE-Health, Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, Veterinary Hospital of the University of Porto (UPVET), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2401324","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01324-2024","article-title":"Definition, classification and diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"64","author":"Kovacs","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. 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