{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:10:16Z","timestamp":1790799016948,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010034","name":"Walailak University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010034","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04b69g067","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Campylobacter is the primary bacterial cause of foodborne gastroenteritis globally. While international standards recommend a tiered approach for detection, emerging evidence suggests that selective protocols may introduce species-specific recovery biases. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic performance of established culture-based detection protocols across diverse food matrices. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we searched multiple databases for studies reporting 2 \u00d7 2 diagnostic accuracy data through October 2024. Ten studies comprising 43 method comparisons and 4599 samples met the inclusion criteria. The overall pooled sensitivity was 95.8% (95% CI: 93.6\u201397.4%), and the specificity was 90.2% (95% CI: 86.8\u201392.9%). Even with a limited number of comparisons (n = 2), direct culture demonstrated high diagnostic sensitivity (99.1%) and significantly faster turnaround times. Crucially, selective enrichment exhibited a profound species-specific bias: C. jejuni showed 59.4 percent lower recovery than C. coli in Bolton broth, likely due to differential polymyxin B susceptibility. These findings highlight the importance of context-dependent method selection within the ISO 10272-1:2017 framework, suggesting that direct culture (Procedure C) should be prioritized for high-contamination matrices to ensure unbiased recovery of C. jejuni. Large-scale multicenter validation is warranted to confirm these exploratory findings for direct culture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13050415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T10:10:17Z","timestamp":1776939017000},"page":"415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative Performance and Species-Specific Recovery Biases of Culture-Based Methods for Campylobacter Detection in Food Products: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chatruthai","family":"Meethai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"},{"name":"Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms (CERMM), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6063-1400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preeda","family":"Phothawon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"},{"name":"Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms (CERMM), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0501-7402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet Yakubu","family":"Nale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Epidemiology and Planetary Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Scotland\u2019s Rural College, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7628-1628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sueptrakool","family":"Wisessombat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"},{"name":"Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms (CERMM), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirk, M.D., Pires, S.M., Black, R.E., Caipo, M., Crump, J.A., Devleesschauwer, B., D\u00f6pfer, D., Fazil, A., Fischer-Walker, C.L., and Hald, T. 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