{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T11:05:38Z","timestamp":1781089538503,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Electroretinography (ERG) is a non-invasive technique used to assess retinal function via electrical responses to light stimuli. We established baseline ERG parameters and a standardized recording protocol for collared scops owls (Otus lettia). Twelve eyes of six owls were evaluated. In addition to the pre-release assessment, ocular reflex tests and basic ophthalmic examinations were performed before the induction of anesthesia. Routine radiographic and hematological examinations were performed under general anesthesia, followed by ERG recordings. Under scotopic \u201320 dB conditions, the a-wave amplitude was 1.78 \u00b1 0.53 \u03bcV (implicit time: 37.83 \u00b1 5.52 ms), and the b-wave was 41.59 \u00b1 10.71 \u03bcV (100.88 \u00b1 10.9 ms). For scotopic 0 dB mixed responses, the a-wave amplitude was 27.98 \u00b1 5.9 \u03bcV (27.64 \u00b1 2.71 ms), and that of the b-wave was 175.51 \u00b1 13.82 \u03bcV (97.02 \u00b1 7.01 ms). Under photopic conditions, the a-wave and b-wave amplitudes were 2.88 \u00b1 2.06 \u03bcV (28.67 \u00b1 2.77 ms) and 25.53 \u00b1 10.61 \u03bcV (77.78 \u00b1 16.18 ms). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to establish species-specific baseline ERG parameters for collared scops owls. These findings provide\u00a0a valuable tool for assessing retinal function in raptors and may serve as a baseline framework for ERG evaluation in other avian species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13060570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T09:25:17Z","timestamp":1781083517000},"page":"570","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electroretinography in the Collared Scops Owl (Otus lettia)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7170-3664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun-Shan","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 153, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da-an Dist., Taipei City 10672, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chau-Hwa","family":"Chie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 153, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da-an Dist., Taipei City 10672, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Colitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MedVet Jupiter Emergency Vet & Specialty Care, 505 Commerce Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pin-Huan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 153, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da-an Dist., Taipei City 10672, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I-Han","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iHorizon Veterinary Hospital, No. 436, Dongqiao 3rd Rd., Yongkang Dist., Tainan City 710038, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Tien","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 153, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da-an Dist., Taipei City 10672, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, No. 153, Sec. 3, Keelung Rd., Da-an Dist., Taipei City 10672, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"O\u2019Malley, B. 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