{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:18:26Z","timestamp":1785406706046,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32573319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32573319"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32172803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172803"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32573319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32573319"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32172803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172803"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004032","name":"Jilin University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\/"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\/"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["\/"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\/"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00js3aw79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Repeat breeding syndrome (RBS), characterized by repeated artificial insemination failure, is associated with ovarian dysfunction in ruminants and causes economic losses. Environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as bisphenol F (BPF), may contribute to RBS, but the relationship between BPF exposure and RBS in cows remains unclear. In this study, we conducted an epidemiological investigation and clinical examinations in 111 adult Simmental cows, including 7 cows diagnosed with RBS, from two local farms, and measured the BPF levels in the drinking water, feed, and the serum samples. We further evaluated the protective effects of phillyrin, a bioactive compound derived from Forsythia suspensa, against BPF-induced ovarian toxicity using cow granulosa cells (CGCs). RBS mainly occurred in young cows with two or more parities. RBS cows showed signs of potential liver dysfunction, kidney injury, anemia, and fecal abnormalities suggestive of altered gut health, together with higher serum BPF levels and lower estradiol levels. Detectable BPF contamination in the drinking water and feed suggested environmental exposure as a possible contributor to RBS in cows. In vitro, BPF induced inflammatory and apoptotic responses in CGCs by upregulating pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic mediators, whereas phillyrin pretreatment markedly alleviated these effects. These findings suggest that BPF exposure might be associated with RBS in cows and phillyrin could be used as a promising natural agent for mitigating BPF-related reproductive toxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13070670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:17:51Z","timestamp":1783606671000},"page":"670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bisphenol F-Associated Repeated Breeding Syndrome in Cows: Epidemiological Evidence and Protective Effects of Phillyrin Against Granulosa Cell Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yueqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2503-6061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daozhen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0670-2452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3083","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11406","article-title":"Short Communication: Repeat Breeder Cows with Fluid in the Uterine Lumen Had Poorer Fertility","volume":"100","author":"Jaureguiberry","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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