{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:08:21Z","timestamp":1785424101305,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031691","name":"University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SRF-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SRF-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["SRF-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SRF-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03vayv672","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["2026-2.1.1-EK\u00d6P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026-2.1.1-EK\u00d6P"]}]},{"award":["2026-2.1.1-EK\u00d6P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026-2.1.1-EK\u00d6P"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03vhmm238","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Recovery Fund budget estimate","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet. Sci.","Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Collagen, long regarded as the inert structural scaffold of the extracellular matrix, is now recognised as a source of bioactive signaling molecules: enzymatic hydrolysis releases low-molecular-weight bioactive collagen peptides that act systemically. This narrative review synthesises in vitro, animal-model, and veterinary clinical evidence with explicit differentiation of evidence levels; literature was identified through structured searches of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, covering peer-reviewed, English-language reports published between 2000 and January 2026, without a formal systematic protocol. Across rodent, porcine, and human pharmacokinetic studies, orally administered collagen hydrolysate is efficiently absorbed, with a fraction reaching the circulation as intact prolyl-hydroxyproline and hydroxyprolyl-glycine through the conserved PEPT1\/PEPT2 transporters; reported bioavailability varies with source, dose, and method, so no single value generalises across species. Native collagen and larger collagen fragments engage structure-dependent receptors in vitro (\u03b12\u03b21 integrins, DDR1\/DDR2, GPVI, LAIR-1\/2) that require triple-helical or Gly-Pro-Hyp presentation, whereas it is not established that the di- and tripeptides that reach the circulation after oral dosing engage them; their systemic actions are partly attributable to intracellular routes, including the Keap1\u2013Nrf2 axis, HDAC\/HAT modulation, and glycine-dependent glutathione synthesis. The gut\u2013collagen peptide axis, a model derived from rodent and cell-culture data, links microbial bile acid remodeling and FXR\/TGR5 signaling to systemic effects. Current evidence supports validated use in canine and equine osteoarthritis; species-specific bioavailability studies in dogs and cats remain the priority.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13080726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T06:11:42Z","timestamp":1784787102000},"page":"726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bioactive Collagen Peptides in Veterinary and Biomedical Science\u2014Part I: Molecular Identity, Gastrointestinal Bioavailability, and Receptor-Mediated Signaling, with Relevance to the Bile Acid Axis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2470-4792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kriszti\u00e1n","family":"N\u00e9meth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Kis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Csepel Central Veterinary Clinic, T\u00e1ncsics Mih\u00e1ly u. 33, H-1212 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borb\u00e1la","family":"M\u00f3zes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0548-1416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bogl\u00e1rka M\u00e1ria","family":"Schilling-T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8842-1798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gergely","family":"J\u00f3cs\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0168-4753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Istv\u00e1n","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1555-8766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00e1vid S\u00e1ndor","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1992-6324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katalin","family":"L\u00e1nyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Chain Science, Food Chain Laboratory Center, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Marek J. u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2238-4469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szilveszter","family":"Csorba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Chain Science, Department of Digital Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tibor","family":"Bartha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2025.108330","article-title":"Collagen remodeling-mediated signaling pathways and their impact on tumor therapy","volume":"301","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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