{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T04:26:57Z","timestamp":1787286417979,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China","award":["BK20230577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20230577"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32302821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302821"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["32302821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302821"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"General project of basic science (Natural Science) research in Colleges and universities of Jiangsu Province","award":["23KJB230006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23KJB230006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet. Sci.","Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1) plays a crucial role in the apoptotic process. This study involved gene cloning, protein expression, bioinformatics analysis, and the preparation of a specific polyclonal antibody. First, the coding sequence of the duck cIAP1 was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Bioinformatics prediction indicated that this protein is a stable hydrophilic protein with no signal peptides and transmembrane domains. It contains characteristic BIR (bacterial IAP repeat) domains. The secondary structure consists of 43% random coils, 28% \u03b1-helix, and 8% \u03b2-strand, and its 3D structure is highly conserved compared with human and mouse cIAP1. Subsequently, the cIAP1 was cloned into the pET-28a vector. The recombinant His-tagged cIAP1 protein was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) upon induction and subsequently purified. Immunization of BALB\/c mice with the purified protein emulsified in Freund\u2019s adjuvant generated polyclonal antibodies. Indirect ELISA confirmed that the antibody titer exceeded 1:2,048,000. Additionally, Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the antibody specifically recognized native duck cIAP1 protein without non-specific reactions with negative serum. This study successfully achieved prokaryotic expression of duck cIAP1 and produced a high-titer, highly specific mouse polyclonal antibody. This antibody is suitable for experiments such as Western blotting and immunofluorescence, providing important biological materials and a theoretical basis for further investigation of the anti-apoptotic mechanism of cIAP1 in major diseases of ducks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci13080830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T11:04:12Z","timestamp":1787137452000},"page":"830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cloning, Bioinformatics Analysis, and Preparation of Polyclonal Antibody for Duck Cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein 1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yikun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, Y., and Liu, K. 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