{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:14:10Z","timestamp":1760242450830,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]],"date-time":"2017-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Behavioral alterations in dogs are not easy to understand and cure. The situation is more difficult when an encephalitis due to Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) and a concomitant olfactory neuroblastoma are present. This case report deals with the story of a 5-year-old Swiss shepherd dog with behavioral changes, seizures, epistaxis and ataxia. Following clinical and laboratory exams, a suspected diagnosis of CDV infection was hypothesized, and a therapy based on \u03a9-interferon was administered. Every supporting therapy failed and the worsening of the clinical conditions led to the euthanasia of the patient. A neoformation in the right frontal lobe was found post mortem. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry investigation showed a non-suppurative demyelinating encephalitis, suggestive of CDV infection, and a desmoplastic epithelioid olfactory neuroblastoma. To the best of authors\u2019 knowledge, this is the first clinical pathological report of a non-suppurative encephalitis due to CDV infection and olfactory neuroblastoma in a dog.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci4030042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]],"date-time":"2017-08-28T12:08:37Z","timestamp":1503922117000},"page":"42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How Behavioral Changes Can Indicate Serious Cerebral Pathology: A Case Report of Concomitant Olfactory Neuroblastoma and Distemper Virus Encephalitis in a Swiss Shepherd Dog"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Dario","family":"Candini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary practitioner, 10144 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8855-4248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Biasato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Dell\u2019Armelina Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, (UNIP), S\u00e3o Paulo 04313-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Grego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1068-0551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Capucchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7766-4647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Vercelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Lahunta, A., and Glass, E. 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