{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T15:04:39Z","timestamp":1761663879169,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Laryngeal chondritis, or \u201cTexel throat\u201d, is a disease affecting the upper respiratory tract of sheep with breeds like the Texel appearing to be predisposed. Previous work suggests the conformation of these breeds of sheep may be predisposing these animals to laryngeal disease. This study evaluated the anatomy of the Texel sheep larynx and describes incidental pathology. Forty-three larynges from rams of the Texel and Bluefaced Leicester breeds of sheep were measured and photographed. A larynx from each breed was submitted for computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Measurements, photography, CT, and MRI demonstrated a difference in the anatomy of the larynx between breeds and a higher proportion of Texel sheep had laryngeal lesions. This study supports the hypothesis that the anatomy of the Texel sheep could be pre-disposing the breed to laryngeal chondritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci6010021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T11:41:03Z","timestamp":1551267663000},"page":"21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Anatomy and Pathology of the Texel Sheep Larynx"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Katie","family":"Waine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Strugnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Farm Post Mortems Ltd., Hamsterley House, Hamsterley, Bishop Auckland, Durham DL13 3QF, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Remnant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Lovatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6408-6443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Rideout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production, Welfare and Veterinary Sciences, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Genever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liz Genever Sheep and Beef Consultancy, Bramley Cottage, Uffington, Stamford, Lincolnshire PE9 4SX, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Baiker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.121.7.155-c","article-title":"Laryngeal chondritis in texel sheep","volume":"121","author":"Faull","year":"1987","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.121.4.81","article-title":"Laryngeal chondritis in Texel sheep","volume":"121","author":"Lane","year":"1987","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2016.08.003","article-title":"Laryngeal Chondritis in Sheep in Iceland","volume":"155","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"219","article-title":"Factors affecting the development of laryngeal chondritis in sheep","volume":"23","author":"Edmunds","year":"2017","journal-title":"Large Anim. Rev."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Carson, A. (2017). GB Emerging Threats Quarterly Report, Small Ruminant Diseases."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"265","article-title":"Chronic ovine laryngitis","volume":"33","author":"Cameron","year":"1943","journal-title":"Cornell Vet."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1956.33236","article-title":"Chronic ovine laryngitis","volume":"4","author":"Salisbury","year":"1956","journal-title":"N. Z. Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Packer, R.M.A., Hendricks, A., Tivers, M.S., and Burn, C.C. (2015). Impact of Facial Conformation on Canine Health: Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137496"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"(2019, January 08). Texel Breed Society Research and Development. Available online: https:\/\/texel.uk\/research-and-development\/."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.157.20.619","article-title":"Variability in the eruption of the permanent incisor teeth in sheep","volume":"157","author":"Cocquyt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"49","article-title":"Liveweight and Chest Girth Correlation in Commercial Sheep and Goat Herds in Southwestern Nigeria","volume":"27","author":"Adeyemoa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Morphol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809119460","article-title":"Comparative Anatomy of Human and Sheep Laryngeal Skeleton","volume":"105","author":"Zrunek","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"R Core Team (2016). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"(2019, January 08). Bluefaced Leicester Sheep Breeder\u2019s Association; Breed Description. Available online: http:\/\/www.blueleicester.co.uk\/breed\/descriptionnew.html."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1989.tb01531.x","article-title":"Inherited and congenital airway conditions","volume":"30","author":"Harvey","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, N.-C., Troconis, E.L., Kalmar, L., Price, D.J., Wright, H.E., Adams, V.J., Sargan, D.R., and Ladlow, J.F. (2017). Conformational risk factors of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) in pugs, French bulldogs, and bulldogs. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181928"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.201.05.768","article-title":"Hypoplasia of the trachea in dogs: 103 cases (1974\u20131990)","volume":"201","author":"Coyne","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2011.01816.x","article-title":"Computed Tomographic Imaging of Dogs with Primary Laryngeal or Tracheal Airway Obstruction","volume":"52","author":"Stadler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-014-0079-6","article-title":"Comparison between tracheal ratio methods used by three observers at three occasions in English Bulldogs","volume":"56","author":"Ingman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"(2019, January 08). SRUC (Scotland\u2019s Rural College) CT Scanning Service. Available online: https:\/\/www.sruc.ac.uk\/info\/120274\/ct_scanning_service."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/6\/1\/21\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:35:07Z","timestamp":1760186107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/6\/1\/21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["vetsci6010021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci6010021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-7381"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2306-7381"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]}}}