{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:03:37Z","timestamp":1788516217755,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]],"date-time":"2020-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The current study was conducted to isolate and identify multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDR-SA) from mastitis milk samples and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. A total of 48 bovine mastitis (BM) milk samples were collected from different parts of the Rangpur division, Bangladesh. After the collection of milk samples, mastitis was confirmed using the California mastitis test. Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus were performed using conventional cultural and biochemical tests as well as using molecular methods of PCR. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 23S rRNA gene of Staphylococcus aureus was determined. The antibiogram of the isolated bacteria was conducted using the disc diffusion method. Phylogenetic analysis of 23S rRNA was done using MEGA 7, ClustalW multiple sequence alignment, and NCBI-BLAST tools, where the sequence of the isolate showed 98% to 99% identity. Antibiogram test using 15 antimicrobial agents showed that all of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). It was found that the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, novobiocin, methicillin, vancomycin, and cephradine, and the isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, and amoxicillin. The detection of MDR-SA in mastitis milk is alarming and represents a great public health concern. The findings of the present study help identify Staphylococcus aureus at the molecular level using 23S rRNA gene sequencing and will help select the appropriate and effective antimicrobial agent to control BM in the northern part of Bangladesh.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci7020036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T10:29:38Z","timestamp":1585650578000},"page":"36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Molecular Detection of Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8990-3868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md.","family":"Salauddin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mir Rowshan","family":"Akter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Khaled","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3893-754X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain","family":"Nazir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman","family":"Noreddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Anti-infective Therapy Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Sharjah Medical Research Institute, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1056-4761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed E.","family":"El Zowalaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Anti-infective Therapy Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Sharjah Medical Research Institute, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE"},{"name":"Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE 75185, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3491","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-143-11-3491","article-title":"Identification of Staphylococcal and Streptococcal causes of bovine mastitis using 16s-23s rRNA spacer regions","volume":"143","author":"Forsman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9560","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11625","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes, and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from bovine mastitis in Ningxia, China","volume":"99","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"China. 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