{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:16:20Z","timestamp":1787030180604,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A three-year-old male Pug presented with a three-year history of urolithiasis and repeated urethral obstruction. Biochemical analysis, ultrasonography, and retrograde urethrocystography revealed probable portosystemic shunt and incomplete urethral obstruction due to uric acid ammonium calculi. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed portosystemic shunt and proliferation of the osseous tissue of the os penis, which was surgically removed. Histopathologically, the excised osseous tissue comprised bland lamellar bone without atypia or inflammation. Hyperplasia of the os penis was diagnosed based on the image findings and histopathology. The dysuria improved postoperatively. This is the first report of dysuria associated with non-neoplastic bone hyperplasia of the os penis in a dog. Careful evaluation of the os penis by CT is needed for accurate diagnosis in case of repeated penile urethral obstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8010006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T19:54:46Z","timestamp":1609703686000},"page":"6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dysuria Associated with Non-Neoplastic Bone Hyperplasia of the Os Penis in a Pug Dog"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Noritaka","family":"Maeta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takako","family":"Shimokawa Miyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7160-992X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenji","family":"Kutara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7103-3462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teppei","family":"Kanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikki","family":"Mitsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Ohnishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Miyabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Saeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Okamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Yamazoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1\u20133 Ikoino-oka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Forrester, S.D. (2005). Urinary Incontinence. Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Elsevier. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-37-5-474","article-title":"Penile prolapse and urethral obstruction secondary to lymphosaracoma of the penis in a dog","volume":"37","author":"Michels","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.5326\/0400152","article-title":"Urinary obstruction secondary to an ossifying fibroma of the os penis in a dog","volume":"40","author":"Mirkovic","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2008.00371.x","article-title":"Osteosarcoma of the penile bone (os penis) in a dog","volume":"87","author":"Peppler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aust. Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"81","article-title":"Multilobular osteochondrosarcoma of the os penis in a dog","volume":"50","author":"Webb","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can. Vet J."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Palmer, N. (1993). Ectopic Mineralizations and Ossifications. Pathology of Domestic Animals, Academic Press. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1995.tb02798.x","article-title":"Surgical repair of fracture of the os penis in a dog","volume":"36","author":"Kelly","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Feldman, E.C., and Nelson, R.W. (1987). Disorders of the canine male reproductive tract. Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction, Sunders. [3rd ed.]."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/8\/1\/6\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:06:17Z","timestamp":1760159177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/8\/1\/6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["vetsci8010006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci8010006","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-7381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2306-7381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]]}}}