{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T03:21:47Z","timestamp":1765423307283,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Excmo. Cabildo Insular de Tenerife","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}]},{"name":"Gobierno de Canarias","award":["ProID2021010013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ProID2021010013"]}]},{"name":"FEDER Canarias 2014-2020","award":["ProID2021010013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ProID2021010013"]}]},{"name":"&quot;Fondo Social Europeo&quot; (85%)","award":["TESIS2021010056 (EBG)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TESIS2021010056 (EBG)"]}]},{"name":"&quot;Consejer\u00eda de Econom\u00eda, Industria, Comercio y Conocimiento&quot;, &quot;Gobierno de Canarias&quot;","award":["TESIS2021010056 (EBG)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TESIS2021010056 (EBG)"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities","award":["Becas M-ULL, convocatoria 2019 (KGL)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Becas M-ULL, convocatoria 2019 (KGL)"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015528","name":"Universidad de La Laguna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Becas M-ULL, convocatoria 2019 (KGL)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Becas M-ULL, convocatoria 2019 (KGL)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015528","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cryptosporidium cuniculus is a zoonotic parasite responsible for cryptosporidiosis cases and outbreaks in both humans and rabbits. Since there are no molecular Cryptosporidium spp. infection data in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from Spain, our aim was to gather information about this parasite in wild European rabbits from Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain). A total of 100 faecal samples were collected from rabbits from eight municipalities of Tenerife. Microscopic analysis showed that 4.0% of the samples presented structures compatible with Cryptosporidium oocyst. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene fragments was carried out, and sequencing confirmed the identity of C. cuniculus in one sample (1.0%). The sample was successfully subtyped using nested PCR analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene as the subtype VbA26R3. This study confirms the presence of C. cuniculus in wild rabbits from Tenerife, providing new information on the occurrence of this zoonotic parasite. Further studies are required to better understand the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium spp. in wild rabbits in Spain and their possible public health repercussions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9020091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T08:23:29Z","timestamp":1645431809000},"page":"91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Molecular Detection of Cryptosporidium cuniculus in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7945-7032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"Baz-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda, Pediatr\u00eda, Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Toxicolog\u00eda, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitolog\u00eda, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Mart\u00edn-Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda, Pediatr\u00eda, Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Toxicolog\u00eda, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitolog\u00eda, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Garc\u00eda-Livia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda, Pediatr\u00eda, Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Toxicolog\u00eda, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitolog\u00eda, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9526-5113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Foronda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda, Pediatr\u00eda, Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Toxicolog\u00eda, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitolog\u00eda, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021, December 23). Banco de Datos de Biodiversidad de Canarias (EXOS). Available online: https:\/\/www.biodiversidadcanarias.es\/exos\/especie\/V00215."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentaci\u00f3n (MAPA) (2022, February 06). Caracterizaci\u00f3n del Sector Cun\u00edcola en Espa\u00f1a. A\u00f1o 2020, Available online: https:\/\/www.mapa.gob.es\/es\/ganaderia\/temas\/produccion-y-mercados-ganaderos\/caracterizacioncunicola_rev_tcm30-583128.pdf."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02206","DOI":"10.1002\/eap.2206","article-title":"Forecast increase in invasive rabbit spread into ecosystems of an oceanic island (Tenerife) under climate change","volume":"31","author":"Mateo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"80","article-title":"Parasites (viruses, coccidia and helminths) of the wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) introduced to Canary Islands from Iberian Peninsula","volume":"50","author":"Foronda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prediger, J., Je\u017ekov\u00e1, J., Holubov\u00e1, N., Sak, B., Kone\u010dn\u00fd, R., Rost, M., McEvoy, J., Rajsk\u00fd, D., and Kv\u00e1\u010d, M. (2021). Cryptosporidium sciurinum n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in Eurasian Red Squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris). Microorganisms, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9102050"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1985.tb14245.x","article-title":"Cryptosporidium infections in man, animals, birds and fish","volume":"62","year":"1985","journal-title":"Aust. Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00135-1","article-title":"Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium: Transmission, detection and identification","volume":"30","author":"Fayer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9498","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11261-6","article-title":"Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in water: A global systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Daraei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"394","article-title":"Cryptosporidium parvum (sp. nov.) a coccidium found in the small intestine of the common mouse","volume":"26","author":"Tyzzer","year":"1912","journal-title":"Arch. Protistenkd."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1177\/030098587901600109","article-title":"Spontaneous cryptosporidiosis in an adult female rabbit","volume":"16","author":"Inman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2010.05.010","article-title":"Re-description of Cryptosporidium cuniculus Inman and Takeuchi, 1979 (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae): Morphology, biology and phylogeny","volume":"40","author":"Robinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(02)00197-2","article-title":"Host adaptation and host-parasite co-evolution in Cryptosporidium: Implications for taxonomy and public health","volume":"32","author":"Xiao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3263","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00819-10","article-title":"Prevalence, Genetic Characteristics, and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium Species Causing Infections in Farm Rabbits in China","volume":"48","author":"Shi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, W., Shen, Y., Wang, R., Liu, A., Ling, H., Li, Y., Cao, J., Zhang, X., Shu, J., and Zhang, L. (2012). Cryptosporidium cuniculus and Giardia duodenalis in rabbits: Genetic diversity and possible zoonotic transmission. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031262"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1645\/13-223.1","article-title":"New subtype of Cryptosporidium cuniculus isolated from rabbits by sequencing the Gp60 gene","volume":"100","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2016063","article-title":"Subtyping of Cryptosporidium cuniculus and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in rabbits in two farms in Heilongjiang Province, China","volume":"23","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1111\/jeu.12629","article-title":"Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Rabbits in Xinjiang, China","volume":"65","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Eukaryot. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, C., Liu, X., Liu, J., Tang, X., Zhu, G., Striepen, B., and Suo, X. (2021). Immunocompetent rabbits infected with Cryptosporidium cuniculus as an animal model for anti-cryptosporidial drug testing. Int. J. Parasitol.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2021.10.006"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4302","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.7.4302-4307.2003","article-title":"Identification of novel Cryptosporidium genotypes from the Czech Republic","volume":"69","author":"Ryan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.7.3973-3978.2004","article-title":"Genetic characterization and transmission cycles of Cryptosporidium species isolated from humans in New Zealand","volume":"70","author":"Learmonth","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1505.081419","article-title":"Cryptosporidium sp. rabbit genotype, a newly identified human pathogen","volume":"15","author":"Chalmers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.07.020","article-title":"Molecular detection of Cryptosporidium cuniculus in rabbits in Australia","volume":"10","author":"Nolan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2012.12.027","article-title":"Molecular-based investigation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from animals in water catchments in southeastern Australia","volume":"47","author":"Nolan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1607-1","article-title":"Cryptosporidium and Giardia taxa in faecal samples from animals in catchments supplying the city of Melbourne with drinking water (2011 to 2015)","volume":"9","author":"Koehler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zahedi, A., Monis, P., Aucote, S., King, B., Paparini, A., Jian, F., Yang, R., Oskam, C., Ball, A., and Robertson, I. (2016). Zoonotic Cryptosporidium Species in Animals Inhabiting Sydney Water Catchments. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168169"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.02.005","article-title":"Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in animals inhabiting drinking water catchments in three states across Australia","volume":"134","author":"Zahedi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.04.016","article-title":"An outbreak of massive mortality among farm rabbits associated with Cryptosporidium infection","volume":"97","author":"Kaupke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4162-8836","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in Brazilian rabbit farms","volume":"68","author":"Heker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naguib, D., Roellig, D.M., Arafat, N., and Xiao, L. (2021). Genetic Characterization of Cryptosporidium cuniculus from Rabbits in Egypt. Pathogens, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10060775"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"237","article-title":"Molecular identification of Cryptosporidium parvum in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Nigeria","volume":"65","author":"Ayinmode","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0492-8","article-title":"Cryptosporidium cuniculus\u2013new records in human and kangaroo in Australia","volume":"7","author":"Koehler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-3055-6","article-title":"First cross-sectional, molecular epidemiological survey of Cryptosporidium, Giardia and Enterocytozoon in alpaca (Vicugna pacos) in Australia","volume":"11","author":"Koehler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2013.097","article-title":"The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident","volume":"12","author":"Puleston","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Water Health"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, N., Xiao, L., Wang, L., Zhao, S., Zhao, X., Duan, L., Guo, M., Liu, L., and Feng, Y. (2012). Molecular surveillance of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi by genotyping and subtyping parasites in wastewater. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 6.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001809"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11783-022-1533-8","article-title":"Tracking Cryptosporidium in urban wastewater treatment plants in a cold region: Occurrence, species and infectivity","volume":"16","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Environ. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22197","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-7537-9","article-title":"Occurrence of Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium sp. in wastewater samples from S\u00e3o Paulo State, Brazil, and Lima, Peru","volume":"23","author":"Aguiar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.04.097","article-title":"Occurrence and genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in urban wastewater treatment plants in north-eastern Spain","volume":"598","author":"Ramo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.07.024","article-title":"Profiling the diversity of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in wastewater treatment plants in Australia using next generation sequencing","volume":"644","author":"Zahedi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.04.041","article-title":"Identification of eukaryotic microorganisms with 18S rRNA next-generation sequencing in wastewater treatment plants, with a more targeted NGS approach required for Cryptosporidium detection","volume":"158","author":"Zahedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14219","DOI":"10.1021\/es504464t","article-title":"Occurrence, source, and human infection potential of Cryptosporidium and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in drinking source water in Shanghai, China, during a pig carcass disposal incident","volume":"48","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.08.055","article-title":"Investigation source water Cryptosporidium concentration, species and infectivity rates during rainfall-runoff in a multi-use catchment","volume":"67","author":"Swaffer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2020.10.005","article-title":"Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in river water and riverbed sediment using next-generation sequencing","volume":"51","author":"Mphephu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.03.063","article-title":"Understanding human infectious Cryptosporidium risk in drinking water supply catchments","volume":"138","author":"Swaffer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109281","article-title":"Cryptosporidium and Giardia in dam water on sheep farms\u2014An important source of transmission?","volume":"288","author":"Zahedi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.04.021","article-title":"Human cryptosporidiosis in Europe","volume":"22","author":"Chalmers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2012.04.011","article-title":"Two cases of zoonotic cryptosporidiosis in Spain by the unusual species Cryptosporidium ubiquitum and Cryptosporidium felis","volume":"30","author":"Cieloszyk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1411.080239","article-title":"Unusual Cryptosporidium Genotypes in Human Cases of Diarrhea","volume":"14","author":"Robinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1703.100410","article-title":"Sporadic Human Cryptosporidiosis Caused by Cryptosporidium cuniculus, United Kingdom, 2007\u20132008","volume":"17","author":"Chalmers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKerr, C., Chalmers, R.M., Elwin, K., Ayres, H., Vivancos, R., O\u2019Brien, S.J., and Christley, R.M. (2022). Cross-sectional household transmission study of Cryptosporidium shows tht C. hominis infections are a key risk factor for spread. BMC Infect. Dis., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07086-y"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ANOFEL Cryptosporidium National Network (2010). Laboratory based surveillance for Cryptosporidium in France, 2006\u20132009. Euro. Surveill., 15, 19642.","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.15.33.19642-en"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2018.08.001","article-title":"Human Cryptosporidiosis in immunodeficient patients in France (2015\u20132017)","volume":"192","author":"Costa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa, D., Razakandrainibe, R., Valor, S., Vannier, M., Sautour, M., Basmaciyan, L., Gargala, G., Viller, V., Lemeteil, D., and Ballet, J.J. (2020). Epidemiology of Cryptosporidiosis in France from 2017 to 2019. Microorganisms, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8091358"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0624","article-title":"Identification of a high diversity of Cryptosporidium species genotypes and subtypes in a pediatric population in Nigeria","volume":"82","author":"Molloy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-R, J.C., French, N., Pita, A., Velathanthiri, N., Shrestha, R., and Hayman, D. (2017). Local and global genetic diversity of protozoan parasites: Spatial distribution of Cryptosporidium and Giardia genotypes. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005736"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-06729-w","article-title":"Species and genotypes causing human cryptosporidiosis in New Zealand","volume":"119","author":"Pita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182021000974","article-title":"Absence of Cryptosporidium hominis and dominance of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species in patients after Covid-19 restrictions in Auckland, New Zealand","volume":"148","author":"Knox","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04546-9","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans in Ontario, Canada","volume":"14","author":"Guy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lebbad, M., Winiecka-Krusnell, J., Stensvold, C.R., and Beser, J. (2021). High Diversity of Cryptosporidium Species and Subtypes Identified in Cryptosporidiosis Acquired in Sweden and Abroad. Pathogens, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10050523"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2015.11.012","article-title":"Autochthonous Cryptosporidium cuniculus infection in Spain: First report in a symptomatic paediatric patient from Madrid","volume":"34","author":"Fuentes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1179\/136485907X193798","article-title":"Cryptosporidium in patients with diarrhea, on Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain","volume":"101","author":"Quispe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"34","article-title":"Parasitosis en Gran Canaria (Espa\u00f1a) Estudio Prospectivo Multic\u00e9ntrico Durante Un A\u00f1o","volume":"71","author":"Afonso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev. Ibero-Latinoam. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"(2021, December 22). Sistema EDO de la Red Canaria de Vigilancia Epidemiol\u00f3gica. Available online: https:\/\/www3.gobiernodecanarias.org\/sanidad\/scs\/contenidoGenerico.jsp?idDocument=72483736-0d7a-11de-9de1-998efb13096d&idCarpeta=0f67aaf7-9d88-11e0-b0dc-e55e53ccc42c."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.2307\/1592171","article-title":"Intestinal cryptosporidiosis in pigeons (Columba livia)","volume":"41","author":"Castro","year":"1997","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2478\/s11686-009-0008-4","article-title":"Occurrence of Cryptosporidium hominis in pigeons (Columba livia)","volume":"54","author":"Valladares","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2478\/s11686-012-0016-7","article-title":"Parasite fauna of rodents (Murinae) from El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain): A multidisciplinary approach","volume":"57","author":"Feliu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04330-9","article-title":"Diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in wild rodents from the Canary Islands, Spain","volume":"13","author":"Foronda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579602","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.579602","article-title":"Study of Zoonotic Enteric Pathogens of Atelerix algirus in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain","volume":"7","author":"Valladares","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci"},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"2","article-title":"Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp. presence in treated wastewater reutilised for irrigation in Tenerife Island, Spain. Long-distance transport effects in the reutilised water quality","volume":"2","author":"Valladares","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev. Salud Ambient."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2010.12.014","article-title":"Occurrence and removal of parasites, enteric bacteria and faecal contamination indicators in wastewater natural reclamation systems in Tenerife-Canary Islands, Spain","volume":"37","author":"Vera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2018.11.017","article-title":"Comparison of freeze-thaw cycles for nucleic acid extraction and molecular detection of Cryptosporidium parvum and Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in environmental matrices","volume":"156","author":"Manore","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, G.H., Ren, W.X., Gao, M., Bian, Q.Q., Hu, B., Cong, M.M., Lin, Q., Wang, R.J., Qi, M., and Qi, M.Z. (2013). Genotyping Cryptosporidium andersoni in cattle in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060112"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.6.2744-2747.2003","article-title":"Subgenotype analysis of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans, cattle, and zoo rumiants in Portugal","volume":"41","author":"Alves","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096","article-title":"MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms","volume":"35","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"406","article-title":"The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees","volume":"4","author":"Saitou","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"512","article-title":"Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees","volume":"10","author":"Tamura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.68.281","article-title":"Cryptosporidium infection in juvenile pet rabbits","volume":"68","author":"Shiibashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"127","article-title":"Endoparasitoses de coelhos criados em diferentes sistemas de manejo","volume":"13","author":"Ceolin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. FZVA"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.17576\/jsm-2018-4701-02","article-title":"An Epidemiological Study on Endoparasites of Domestic Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Egypt with Special Reference to Their Health Impact","volume":"47","author":"Elshahawy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sains Malays."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2008.01178.x","article-title":"Investigation of the Role of Companion Animals in the Zoonotic Transmission of Cryptosporidiosis","volume":"56","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"243","article-title":"Prevalence of Cryptosporidium Infection in a Rabbitory in Abeokuta, Nigeria","volume":"37","author":"Akinkuotu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nig. Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"47","article-title":"Estudio de un Foco de Criptosporidiosis en Conejo. XIV Symposium de Cunicultura. Manresa","volume":"46","year":"1989","journal-title":"Bolet\u00edn De Cunicult."},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"8","article-title":"Enterocytozoon bieneusi in animals: Rabbits and dogs as new hosts","volume":"46","author":"Izquierdo","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Eukaryot. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5929","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.10.5929-5934.2005","article-title":"Concentrations of pathogens and indicators in animal feces in the Sydney watershed","volume":"71","author":"Cox","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2009.01308.x","article-title":"The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), a source of zoonotic cryptosporidiosis","volume":"57","author":"Robinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.29333\/ejac\/95252","article-title":"Parasitic Infection in Wild Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus","volume":"13","author":"Marhoon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eurasian. J. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"100630","article-title":"Ocurrence of enteroparasites with zoonotic potential in animals of the rural area of San Andres, Chimborazo, Ecuador","volume":"26","author":"Chimbaina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(98)00226-X","article-title":"Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in wild mammals of mainland Britain","volume":"80","author":"Sturdee","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_88","unstructured":"(2012, December 22). European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Available online: http:\/\/atlas.ecdc.europa.eu\/public\/index.aspx?Dataset=27&HealthTopic=15."},{"key":"ref_89","unstructured":"(2012, December 22). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). Available online: https:\/\/www.isciii.es\/QueHacemos\/Servicios\/VigilanciaSaludPublicaRENAVE\/EnfermedadesTransmisibles\/Documents\/INFORMES\/INFORMES%20RENAVE\/ultimo%20informe.pdf."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacci\u00f2, S.M., and Widmer, G. (2014). Cryptosporidiosis in Farmed Animals. Cryptosporidium: Parasite and Disease, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-1562-6"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/9\/2\/91\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:22:52Z","timestamp":1760134972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-7381\/9\/2\/91"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"references-count":90,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["vetsci9020091"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci9020091","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-7381"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2306-7381"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]}}}