{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:52:14Z","timestamp":1790729534394,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,17]],"date-time":"2022-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The early and accurate diagnosis of brucellosis, a ubiquitous zoonotic infection, is significant in preventing disease transmission. This study aimed to assess the infection rate of Brucella spp. in ruminants and to evaluate the agreement between a serological test and a molecular method for the detection of infected cases. Blood and milk samples of 136 ruminants were analyzed using two laboratory methods: the Rose Bengal plate (RBP) test to detect B. abortus and B. melitensis antibodies and the molecular polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the presence of bacterial DNA. The agreement between the methods was assessed using the kappa statistic. Based on the RBP test, there were 12 (8.8%) seropositive animals (10 sheep and 2 cows), while 2 (1.4%) samples were positive on PCR analysis. The positive PCR samples were from seronegative cow samples on RBP testing. There was slight agreement (k = \u22120.02) between the two methods, which was not statistically significant. Our results indicate that complementary molecular methods are useful to detect the bacteria in infected animals that are seronegative due to an early stage of infection. Therefore, a combination of molecular methods and serological tests can be applied to detect brucellosis in ruminants efficiently.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9040193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T00:22:43Z","timestamp":1650414163000},"page":"193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Importance of Complementary PCR Analysis in Addition to Serological Testing for the Detection of Transmission Sources of Brucella spp. in Greek Ruminants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8219-7537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthimia","family":"Batrinou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0656-3707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irini F.","family":"Strati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3695-0759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas G.","family":"Tsantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, \u2018Saint Savvas\u2019 Oncology Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9188-243X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Papaparaskevas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Dimou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Vourvidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Brucellosis and Bacterial Disease Serology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Anatomy, Histology and Microbiology Directorate of Athens Veterinary Center, Ministry of Rural Development and Food, 11522 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kyrma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Brucellosis and Bacterial Disease Serology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Anatomy, Histology and Microbiology Directorate of Athens Veterinary Center, Ministry of Rural Development and Food, 11522 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dionysis","family":"Antonopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8559-8977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Halvatsiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, \u201cATTIKON\u201d University Hospital, Chaidari 12462, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Houhoula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"271","article-title":"Detection of Brucella Melitensis and Brucella Abortus by DNA Amplification","volume":"95","author":"Baily","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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