{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:14:32Z","timestamp":1760228072258,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A 14 years old, 6 kg, mix-breed male dog with severe azotemia due to urinary bladder herniation was presented to our Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH). Electrocardiography revealed normal heart rate of 100 bpm, evidence of sinus respiratory arrhythmia (SRA) and frequent second degree atrio-ventricular block following peak inspiratory phase suggestive of vagally-induced atrio-ventricular conduction delay. Echocardiographic examination showed mild mitral regurgitation without any other cardiac changes, and systolic (SAP) and diastolic (DAP) blood pressure values were 185\/90 mmHg (SAP\/DAP). Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was increased to 7.3 ng\/mL, suggesting a myocardial injury. A Holter examination revealed evidence of overall decrease in heart rate variability with evidence of sympathetic overdrive on time and frequency domain as well as when the non-linear Poincar\u00e9 plot was analyzed. Based on the author\u2019s knowledge, this is the first report of a second degree atrio-ventricular block associated with vagal activity in a dog, with evidence of sympathetic overdrive and severe azotemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9050223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T02:46:39Z","timestamp":1651805199000},"page":"223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vagally Associated Second Degree Atrio-Ventricular Block in a Dog with Severe Azotemia and Evidence of Sympathetic Overdrive"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7054-4650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radu Andrei","family":"Baisan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinics Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi University of Life Sciences \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley no. 8, 700489 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3702-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreea C\u0103t\u0103lina","family":"Turcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinics Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi University of Life Sciences \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley no. 8, 700489 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9856-6384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eusebiu Ionu\u021b","family":"Condurachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinics Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi University of Life Sciences \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley no. 8, 700489 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasile","family":"Vulpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinics Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi University of Life Sciences \u201cIon Ionescu de la Brad\u201d, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley no. 8, 700489 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1159\/000167034","article-title":"A-V-block with Wenckebach periods; periodicity related to the respiratory movements","volume":"12","author":"Oehnell","year":"1947","journal-title":"Cardiologia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1054\/jelc.2002.31824","article-title":"Apparent bradycardia-dependent advanced second-degree atrioventricular block","volume":"35","author":"Katoh","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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