{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T18:00:04Z","timestamp":1770228004604,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Pisa (Italy)","award":["PRA 2020\u201369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRA 2020\u201369"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In humans, chronic liver disease may cause alterations in amino acids (AAs) metabolism, with serum branched-chain AAs (BCAAs) decreasing and aromatic AAs (AAAs) increasing. A reduced Fischer ratio (BCAAs\/AAAs) has been found to be associated with hepatic fibrosis and is useful for assessing prognosis in human patients. In veterinary medicine, few studies have been performed, and in contrast to human patients, dogs with different kinds of hepatopathy tend to show both increased AAAs and BCAAs. In dogs, the association between histological scores and serum AAs has not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum AAs in dogs with chronic hepatitis (CH) compared with a healthy control group (C) and, among CH dogs, in relation to their histological fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity scores. Leftover serum samples of 16 dogs with histological CH and 25 healthy dogs were employed. Serum AAs were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Proline and the AAAs phenylalaine and tyrosine progressively increased with the histological severity. In contrast, cysteine, tryptophan and BCAA isoleucine progressively reduced. Lysine and the BCAAs leucine and valine showed a non-linear trend with the histological findings. The BCAAs\/AAAs ratio was significatively reduced if higher grades of liver fibrosis were present.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9090455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T01:50:26Z","timestamp":1661392226000},"page":"455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Serum Amino Acids Imbalance in Canine Chronic Hepatitis: Results in 16 Dogs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0340-0192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verena","family":"Habermaass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital \u201cMario Modenato\u201d, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8612-5573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Gori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital \u201cMario Modenato\u201d, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4414-4359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Abramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital \u201cMario Modenato\u201d, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2702-3259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Bartoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9336-5150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Pierini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital \u201cMario Modenato\u201d, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7127-4680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Mariti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital \u201cMario Modenato\u201d, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3595-6067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Lippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital \u201cMario Modenato\u201d, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6099-6223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Marchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital \u201cMario Modenato\u201d, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.033","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease\u2014A global public health perspective","volume":"70","author":"Younossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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