{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T16:24:47Z","timestamp":1779294287330,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,4]],"date-time":"2022-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry for Education, University and Research","award":["CUP_C46C18000530001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP_C46C18000530001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) employs an ultrasound impulse to produce transversely oriented shear waves, which travel through the surrounding tissue according to the stiffness of the tissue itself. The study aimed to assess the reliability of 2D-SWE for evaluating the elastosonographic appearance of the distal attachment of the fetlock joint capsule (DJC) in sound horses and in horses with osteoarthritis (OA) (2). According to a thorough evaluation of metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ), adult horses were divided in a sound Group (H) and in OA Group (P). Thereafter, a 2D-SWE of MCPJs was performed. Shear wave velocity (m\/sec) and Young\u2019s modulus (kPa) were calculated independently by two operators at each selected ROI. Statistical analysis was performed with R software. (3) Results: 2D-SWE had good\u2013excellent inter-CC and intra-CC in both groups. Differences in m\/s and kPa between Groups H and P were found in transverse scans with lower values in Group P. No correlation with age or DJC thickness was found. (4) Conclusions: 2D-SWE was repeatable and reproducible. In Group H, DJC was statistically stiffer than in Group P only in transverse scan. The technique showed poor sensitivity and specificity in differentiating fetlocks affected by OA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9090478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T20:50:27Z","timestamp":1662670227000},"page":"478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["2D-SWE of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint Capsule in Horses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3110-107X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Guerri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Localit\u00e0 Piano D\u2019Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9687-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Palozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Localit\u00e0 Piano D\u2019Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5482-2665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Stratic\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Localit\u00e0 Piano D\u2019Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Varasano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Localit\u00e0 Piano D\u2019Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6302-3910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Celani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Localit\u00e0 Piano D\u2019Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Di Francesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arma dei Carabinieri, Viale Romania, 45, 00197  Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4981-4051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Vignoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Localit\u00e0 Piano D\u2019Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7830-7545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucio","family":"Petrizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Localit\u00e0 Piano D\u2019Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Auer, J.A., and Stick, J.A. 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