{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:53:47Z","timestamp":1785423227115,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Corporaci\u00f3n Ecuatoriana para el Desarrollo de la Investigaci\u00f3n y Academia-CEDIA","award":["CEPRA XV-2021-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEPRA XV-2021-013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Salmonella enterica serovars cause infections in humans. S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis is considered relevant and is commonly reported in poultry products. Evaluating innovative approaches for resisting colonization in animals could contribute to the goal of reducing potential human infections. Microalgae represent a source of molecules associated with performance and health improvement in chickens. Tetraselmis chuii synthesizes fermentable polysaccharides as part of their cell wall content; these sugars are known for influencing caecal bacterial diversity. We hypothesized if its dietary administration could exert a positive effect on caecal microbiota in favor of a reduced S. Infantis load. A total of 72 one-day-old broiler chickens (COBB 500) were randomly allocated into three groups: a control, a group infected with bacteria (day 4), and a group challenged with S. Infantis but fed a microalgae-based diet. Caecal samples (n = 8) were collected two days post-infection. A PMAxxTM-based qPCR approach was developed to assess differences regarding bacterial viable load between groups. The inclusion of the microalga did not modify S. Infantis content, although the assay proved to be efficient, sensitive, and repeatable. The utilized scheme could serve as a foundation for developing novel PCR-based methodologies for estimating Salmonella colonization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9090487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]],"date-time":"2022-09-08T20:50:27Z","timestamp":1662670227000},"page":"487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A PMAxxTM qPCR Assay Reveals That Dietary Administration of the Microalgae Tetraselmis chuii Does Not Affect Salmonella Infantis Caecal Content in Early-Treated Broiler Chickens"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Joselyn","family":"Corrales-Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacteriophage Research Association, Ambato 180103, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ortega-Paredes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Life Science Initiative (LSI), Quito 170102, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5650-3887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miroslava Anna","family":"\u0160efcov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas Enrique Ortega Moreira, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo, Samborond\u00f3n 092301, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9sar Marcelo","family":"Larrea-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Life Science Initiative (LSI), Quito 170102, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sof\u00eda","family":"de Janon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Life Science Initiative (LSI), Quito 170102, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4410-0524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Medina-Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Life Science Initiative (LSI), Quito 170102, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1597-5957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Molina-Cuasapaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Life Science Initiative (LSI), Quito 170102, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4893-502X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Vinueza-Burgos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Enfermedades Transmitidas por Alimentos y Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos (UNIETAR), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Central University of Ecuador, Quito 170129, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viera","family":"Revajov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, 040 01 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6795-3282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Larrea-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas Enrique Ortega Moreira, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo, Samborond\u00f3n 092301, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3819-9206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Calero-C\u00e1ceres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTA RAM One Health, Department of Food and Biotechnology Science and Engineering, Universidad T\u00e9cnica de Ambato, Ambato 180103, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","author":"James","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2021.101356","article-title":"A molecular based method for rapid detection of Salmonella spp. in poultry dust samples","volume":"8","author":"Ahaduzzaman","year":"2021","journal-title":"MethodsX"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/peu081","article-title":"A temporal study of Salmonella enterica serotypes from broiler farms in Brazil","volume":"94","author":"Vaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. 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