{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T22:44:42Z","timestamp":1788216282025,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vision"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: To determine efficacy of two lacrimal substitutes on signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease after phacoemulsification; to determine impact of surgery on patients\u2019 vision related quality of life. Monocentric, randomised, physician blinded, three parallel groups clinical trial. Design and Methods: Patients in the operative list for phacoemulsification have been screened for eligibility; they underwent (at time 0, 15, 45 and 90 days): slit lamp examination; tear film break-up time (BUT); corneal staining; tear volume; 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ); Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Treatments to be compared were: 1. standard of care-SOC (lomefloxacine and tobramicine\/dexamethasone fixed combination 4 times a day for 2 weeks), 2. SOC + carboxymethylcellulose sodium 0.5% and glycerin 0.9%, 3. SOC + Sodium Hyaluronate 0.15%. Study treatment started at T15. Groups were compared with parametric or nonparametric tests, and with Pearson\u2019s \u03c72 test. Correlation between continuous variables was assessed by means of Pearson\u2019s or Spearman\u2019s coefficient. Results: Fifty-three patients were enrolled. At 45 and at 90 days from surgery, the group receiving lacrimal substitutes presented better BUT and Schirmer I test (p = 0.009, &lt;0.001, &lt;0.001 and 0.001, respectively); dry eye presence showed significant difference by group at time 90 (p = 0.019). General vision, near activity and vision-specific dependency subscales improved after surgery (p = &lt;0.001, 0.004 and 0.048, respectively). At 45 and 90 days from surgery, the OSDI score significantly changed (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: Cataract surgery causes the onset or the worsening of dry eye. Use of artificial tears can significantly reduce symptoms and signs of dry eye in patients after phacoemulsification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vision6030042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T21:15:52Z","timestamp":1657142152000},"page":"42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Randomised, Single Blind, Controlled, Three-Month Clinical Trial on the Evaluation and Treatment of the Ocular Surface Damage Following Phacoemulsification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Gemma Caterina Maria","family":"Rossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University Eye Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"ASST Bergamo Est, Ospedale Locatelli, 24020 Piario, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmine","family":"Tinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Milano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University Eye Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Medicine and Surgery Faculty, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Lanteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University Eye Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Ricciarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University Eye Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Giann\u00ec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University Eye Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Maria","family":"Pasinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Unit, Istituto Beato Palazzolo, 24100 Bergamo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigia","family":"Scudeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(98)80237-X","article-title":"Corneal sensation after cataract and refractive surgery","volume":"24","author":"Kohlhaas","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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