{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T05:41:42Z","timestamp":1788586902264,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wilmer Eye Institute Resident Research Grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vision"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The outcomes of pediatric glaucoma suspects with a history of ocular trauma remains unknown; we describe the rate of conversion to glaucoma of this population of patients at a research-intensive academic center. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case series of pediatric patients with a history of open- or closed-globe trauma who were being monitored as pediatric glaucoma suspects at the Wilmer Eye Institute between 2005 and 2016. Results: A total of 62 eyes from 62 patients with a history of ocular trauma were identified with a median age at presentation of 9.7 years (7.8 years) and a median follow-up of 2.7 (5.8 years). There were 29 eyes (46.8%) with open-globe injuries and 33 eyes (53.2%) with closed-globe injuries. A higher proportion of eyes that sustained closed-globe injuries were started on topical therapy for persistent ocular hypertension than eyes that sustained open-globe injuries (36.4% versus 10.3%, X2 = 5.6976, p = 0.017). Five eyes (8.1%) developed glaucoma during the follow-up period, all of which had a history of closed-globe injury (15.2%, X2 = 4.7794, p = 0.029). Four eyes of these eyes underwent glaucoma-related surgical intervention. Most eyes (3\/5, 60%) that went on to develop post-traumatic glaucoma had undergone additional and\/or concurrent intraocular surgical interventions to address sequelae of ocular trauma, such as traumatic cataract and retinal detachment. Conclusions: All eyes that developed glaucomatous damage or underwent glaucoma-related surgical intervention in this cohort of patients with a history of ocular trauma were those that had sustained close-globe injuries. No eyes that sustained open-globe injury progressed to glaucoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/vision9010005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T03:29:43Z","timestamp":1736825383000},"page":"5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Conversion to Glaucoma After Ocular Trauma in Pediatric Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2972-4881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nur","family":"Cardakli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8834-5892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rujuta A.","family":"Gore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"},{"name":"OSF Children\u2019s Hospital of Illinois, Peoria, IL 61614, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney L.","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2012.10.007","article-title":"The epidemiology and etiology of pediatric ocular trauma","volume":"58","author":"Abbott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surv. 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