{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T21:54:57Z","timestamp":1782770097557,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CIBAS 2019-01","award":["DI-FME 03\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DI-FME 03\/2021"]}]},{"name":"CIBAS 2019-01","award":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"]}]},{"name":"CRHIAM Center","award":["DI-FME 03\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DI-FME 03\/2021"]}]},{"name":"CRHIAM Center","award":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Water"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is steadily increasing due to their capacity to capture terrain elevation data with remarkable precision and cost-effectiveness. Nonetheless, their application for estimating water surface elevations and submerged terrain, such as channel bathymetry, remains constrained. Consequently, the development of a digital terrain model that relies on UAV data during low-water periods assumes a more extensive dry channel surface area, thus alleviating the information gap regarding submerged terrain. The objective of this brief report is to validate a hydraulic model for flood calculation. To this end, a 1D steady-state hydrological model of the \u00d1uble River based on a UAV survey in the low-water period of 2016 was constructed in HEC-RAS v.5.0.3 and compared to water surface elevation observations of the flood on 24 June 2023. The model tends to overestimate the flood, but the errors are considered tolerable for flood calculation (on average, a 10.6% depth error was obtained for a 30-year return period flood); therefore, the hydraulic model derived from remote sensing seems to be an effective alternative for the construction of hydraulic models for flood studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/w15213813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T12:48:31Z","timestamp":1698756511000},"page":"3813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Remote Sensing with UAVs for Flood Modeling: A Validation with Actual Flood Records"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3198-9777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Clasing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4090541, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4090541, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0438-3080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4090541, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4090541, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8101-3510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Arum\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Water Resources, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Chill\u00e1n 3812120, Chile"},{"name":"Centro Fondap CRHIAM, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070411, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7447-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Parra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Envioromental Engineering, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070386, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jones, R.L., Guha-Sapir, D., and Tubeuf, S. 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