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The navigation capability of a UGV in unstructured environments requires considering numerous factors, including the quality of data reception that allows reliable interpretation of what the UGV perceives in a given environment, as well as the use these data to control the UGV\u2019s navigation. This article aims to study different PID control algorithms to enable autonomous navigation on a robotic platform. The robotic platform consists of a forestry tractor, used for forest cleaning tasks, which was converted into a UGV through the integration of sensors. Using sensor data, the UGV\u2019s position and orientation are obtained and utilized for navigation by inputting these data into a PID control algorithm. The correct choice of PID control algorithm involved the study, analysis, and implementation of different controllers, leading to the conclusion that the Vector Field control algorithm demonstrated better performance compared to the others studied and implemented in this paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a18020063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T09:40:39Z","timestamp":1737711639000},"page":"63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of PID-Based Algorithms for UGVs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9283-4093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago","family":"Gameiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Department, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"GECAD\u2014Knowledge Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development of the Engineering Institute of Porto (ISEP), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (IPP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics (ADAI), University of Coimbra, Rua Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, P\u00f3lo II, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2275-3508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Department, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"GECAD\u2014Knowledge Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development of the Engineering Institute of Porto (ISEP), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (IPP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics (ADAI), University of Coimbra, Rua Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, P\u00f3lo II, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Coimbra Institute of Engineering (ISEC), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra (IPC), Rua Pedro Nunes-Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Moghadaspoura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Telecommunications, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Di Giorgio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Polytechnic of Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9242-3195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Viegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics (ADAI), University of Coimbra, Rua Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, P\u00f3lo II, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2204-6339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GECAD\u2014Knowledge Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development of the Engineering Institute of Porto (ISEP), Polytechnic Institute of Porto (IPP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Coimbra Institute of Engineering (ISEC), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra (IPC), Rua Pedro Nunes-Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering-Technology and Science (INESC TEC), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0143-9421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute of Engineering (ISEC), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra (IPC), Rua Pedro Nunes-Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5862-5706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salviano","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Department, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, 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