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The demands in such environments are heightened, characterized by significant temperature variations and the need to manage substantial densities of heat. The current work offers a comprehensive survey of the innovative materials and thermal fluids employed in the aerospace technological area. In this scope, the materials should exhibit enhanced reliability for facing maintenance and raw materials scarcity. The improved thermophysical properties of the nanofluids increase the efficiency of the systems, allowing the mass\/volume reduction in satellites, rovers, and spacecraft. Herein are summarized the main findings from a literature review of more than one hundred works on aerospace thermal management. In this sense, relevant issues in aerospace convection cooling were reported and discussed, using heat pipes and heat exchangers, and with heat transfer ability at high velocity, low pressure, and microgravity. Among the main findings, it could be highlighted the fact that these novel materials and fluids provide enhanced thermal conductivity, stability, and insulation, enhancing the heat transfer capability and preventing the malfunctioning, overheating, and degradation over time of the systems. The resulting indicators will contribute to strategic mapping knowledge and further competence. Also, this work will identify the main scientific and technological gaps and possible challenges for integrating the materials and fluids into existing systems and for maturation and large-scale feasibility for aerospace valorization and technology transfer enhancement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/aerospace11040275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]],"date-time":"2024-03-31T13:39:37Z","timestamp":1711892377000},"page":"275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["A Review of Novel Heat Transfer Materials and Fluids for Aerospace Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2571-0928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glauco","family":"Nobrega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center (MEtRICs), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9804-2553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center (MEtRICs), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Reinaldo","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center (MEtRICs), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"IN+, Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7244-8611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN+, Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Pontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN+, Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8962-0710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana O.","family":"Catarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microelectromechanical Systems Research Unit (CMEMS-UMinho), School of Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"LABBELS\u2014Associate Laboratory, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3884-6496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microelectromechanical Systems Research Unit (CMEMS-UMinho), School of Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"LABBELS\u2014Associate Laboratory, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3428-637X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center (MEtRICs), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"Transport Phenomena Research Center (CEFT), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9801-7617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Moita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN+, Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. 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