{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T09:23:33Z","timestamp":1773480213053,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Programa Operacional Madeira 14\u201320, Portugal 2020","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"]}]},{"name":"Programa Operacional Madeira 14\u201320, Portugal 2020","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Project LIFE RECOVER Natura\u2014LIFE12 NAT\/PT\/000195","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"]}]},{"name":"Project LIFE RECOVER Natura\u2014LIFE12 NAT\/PT\/000195","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"]}]},{"name":"Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o, Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o, Portugal 2020","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"]}]},{"name":"Ag\u00eancia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o, Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o, Portugal 2020","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016218","name":"European Union through the European Social Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016218","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016218","name":"European Union through the European Social Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M1420-09-5369-FSE000002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016218","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Agriculture"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Beta patula Aiton is a crop wild relative (CWR) which belongs to the Gene Pool 1b and is considered a Critically Endangered species, and is present in very specific environments, such as the Desembarcadouro islet (DI) in Ponta de S\u00e3o Louren\u00e7o or Ch\u00e3o islet (CI) in the Desertas Islands. The ISOPlexis Center (University of Madeira) has been providing continuous support for its in situ conservation by keeping a management plan of wild populations and an ex situ conservation strategy through the storage of accessions in the ISOPlexis GeneBank. The present work intends to present the spatial distribution of genetic variability and diversity in these B. patula populations using eight polymorphic Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. The overall results lead to the identification of three spots with a high genetic diversity. CI with a small cluster of individuals shows a genetic footprint different from DI, having unique alleles present in its population. DI has two distinct areas: the western area, with a higher individual density but with a lower genetic diversity and higher allele fixation; and the central area, with a lower individual count but with a higher genetic diversity and with the presence of unique alleles. Despite some genetic differences, the comparison of the two islets\u2019 DI and CI populations shows that they have more similarities than differences. Analysis of the Molecular Variance, based on the hierarchical cluster, showed a 9% diversity between populations, 68% among individuals, and 23% within individuals. This data will be used for the establishment of a protocol to monitor and manage B. patula genetic diversity under a genetic reserve, subsequently contributing to the European Genetic Reserve network implementation and the protection of this important CWR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture13010027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T02:36:46Z","timestamp":1671763006000},"page":"27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Distribution of Genetic Diversity in Beta patula Aiton Populations from Madeira Archipelago, Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1822-5473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Ragonezi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISOPlexis Centre Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Humberto","family":"N\u00f3brega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISOPlexis Centre Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria In\u00eas","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISOPlexis Centre Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 G. R. de","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISOPlexis Centre Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8025-6422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabr\u00edcio Lopes","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISOPlexis Centre Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5084-870X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel \u00c2. A. Pinheiro de","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISOPlexis Centre Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Borges, P.A. (2008). 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