{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:22:20Z","timestamp":1760145740488,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Portuguese funding agency, FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UIDP\/04292\/2020","LA\/P\/0069\/2020","2020.07183.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UIDP\/04292\/2020","LA\/P\/0069\/2020","2020.07183.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\u2014MARE","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UIDP\/04292\/2020","LA\/P\/0069\/2020","2020.07183.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UIDP\/04292\/2020","LA\/P\/0069\/2020","2020.07183.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Aquatic Research Network\u2014ARNET","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UIDP\/04292\/2020","LA\/P\/0069\/2020","2020.07183.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UIDP\/04292\/2020","LA\/P\/0069\/2020","2020.07183.BD"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"PhD fellowship from the FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UIDP\/04292\/2020","LA\/P\/0069\/2020","2020.07183.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UIDP\/04292\/2020","LA\/P\/0069\/2020","2020.07183.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Agriculture"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study presents a new visual-based method that uses a thermal tracer and infrared thermography to detect sink points in shallow flooded areas. Laboratory experiments were conducted in a 2 \u00d7 2 m2 soil flume where different scenarios with varying sink characteristics (e.g., permeability) were examined. To detect the sink point, hot water was continuously applied to create a temperature gradient across the flooded area, and multiple tracer discharges were tested. A portable infrared video camera was used to obtain high-resolution thermal imaging. The sink detection method was based on tracking the leading edge of the tracer\u2019s plume over time. This method successfully identified water sink points in most experimental scenarios and provided valuable insights into surface flow processes. Specific combinations of tracer discharge and sink characteristics (e.g., location and saturated hydraulic conductivity) could influence the method\u2019s effectiveness in detecting the sink location.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture14081366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T09:29:41Z","timestamp":1723714181000},"page":"1366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detecting Water Loss Sink Points in Shallow Flooded Agricultural Environments Using a Visual Technique Based on Infrared Thermography: Laboratory Testing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Soheil","family":"Zehsaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre\/ARNET\u2014Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0135-2249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o L. 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