{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T14:51:33Z","timestamp":1778424693829,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["COMPETE 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COMPETE 2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04683\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04683\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007690"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PDR2020-101-030926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDR2020-101-030926"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014141","name":"European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["COMPETE 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COMPETE 2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014141","name":"European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04683\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04683\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014141","name":"European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007690"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014141","name":"European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PDR2020-101-030926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDR2020-101-030926"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Agriculture"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sustainability in agroecosystems relies on the optimized use of resources to achieve consistent yields while maintaining or improving soil health. The monitoring of soil quality is crucial when changes from rainfall-fed to irrigated crop systems occur. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of different crop successions in the Mediterranean area under irrigation and different technical practices. The soil nitrogen\u2013phosphorous\u2013potassium (NPK) and soil organic carbon (SOC) balances were observed in four fields with irrigated annual crops in a two-year succession timeframe, namely, sunflower\u2013maize (P1), sunflower\u2013clover (P2), maize\u2013sunflower (P3), and alfalfa\u2013alfalfa (P4). The SOC and nutrient balance, integrating the total irrigation, mineral fertilizers, and exported yield, was calculated for each farm. Except for maize\u2013sunflower succession (P3), all fields presented a negative SOC balance at the end of the two-year crop succession, indicating losses from 2.84 to 4.91 Mg SOC ha\u22121 y\u22121. While in N-fixing plants the soil N decreased, in the remaining crops a surplus was observed, possibly leading to future N losses. The continuous depletion of soil P revealed a potential underestimation of this nutrient. Soil K appears to be related to specific crop management practices, namely, crop residue incorporation after harvest. In annual irrigated crops under Mediterranean conditions, crop succession can induce soil fertility degradation if conservation practices are absent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture14111908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T05:07:22Z","timestamp":1730092042000},"page":"1908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Different Irrigated Crop Successions on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen\u2013Phosphorus\u2013Potassium Budget Under Mediterranean Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3046-0556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Neto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Beja, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Sci-Tech Research in Earth System and Energy (CREATE), Universidade de \u00c9vora-P\u00f3lo IPBeja, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4792-3633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Catarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Beja, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Sci-Tech Research in Earth System and Energy (CREATE), Universidade de \u00c9vora-P\u00f3lo IPBeja, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), University of \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8871-7409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justino","family":"Sobreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Beja, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Sci-Tech Research in Earth System and Energy (CREATE), Universidade de \u00c9vora-P\u00f3lo IPBeja, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6077-8752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"das Dores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Beja, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2122-9950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Patanita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Beja, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec, Nova School of Science and Technology, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"MED-Instituto Mediterr\u00e2nico para a Agricultura, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainable Institute, Universidade de \u00c9vora, N\u00facleo da Mitra, 7006-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9129-112X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Tomaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Beja, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Sci-Tech Research in Earth System and Energy (CREATE), Universidade de \u00c9vora-P\u00f3lo IPBeja, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec, Nova School of Science and Technology, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9719-079X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Beja, Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Sci-Tech Research in Earth System and Energy (CREATE), Universidade de \u00c9vora-P\u00f3lo IPBeja, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), University of \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec, Nova School of Science and Technology, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2015.08.009","article-title":"Linking Soils to Ecosystem Services\u2014A Global Review","volume":"262","author":"Adhikari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-020-0080-8","article-title":"The Concept and Future Prospects of Soil Health","volume":"1","author":"Lehmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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