{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T02:33:39Z","timestamp":1771641219510,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00066\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00066\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AgriEngineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of thermal energy storage solutions (TES) in agroindustry allows reduction of production costs and improvement of operation sustainability. Such solutions require high storage capacity and the ability to adapt to existing equipment. The use of phase change materials (PCMs), which are able to store thermal energy as latent heat, creates new opportunities for heat storage solutions (LHS, latent heat storage) with higher energy density and improved performance when compared to sensible heat storage. New architectures are envisaged where heat storage is distributed throughout the production chain, creating prospects for the integration of renewable generation and recovery of industrial heat waste. This work aims to investigate the benefits of decentralized thermal storage architecture, directly incorporating PCM into the existing equipment of an agroindustry production line. To assess the feasibility and potential gain in the adoption of this TES\/LHS distributed solution, a tempering and mixing equipment for food granules is selected as a case study, representing a larger cluster operating under the operation paradigm of water jacket heating. The behavior of the equipment, incorporating an inorganic PCM, is modeled and analyzed in the ANSYS Fluent software. Subsequently, a prototype is instrumented and used in laboratory tests, allowing for data collection and validation of the simulation model. This case study presents a demonstration of the increase in storage capacity and the extension of the discharge process when compared to a conventional solution that uses water for sensible heat storage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/agriengineering4010018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T20:09:57Z","timestamp":1646078997000},"page":"255-278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Case Study for Decentralized Heat Storage Solutions in the Agroindustry Sector Using Phase Change Materials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"Sim\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CQS Unipessoal, Lda, Largo S\u00e3o Sebasti\u00e3o 44, 1050-205 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Campus da FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9283-8497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Murta-Pina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Campus da FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre of Technology and Systems (CTS-UNINOVA), Campus da FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Campus da FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre of Technology and Systems (CTS-UNINOVA), Campus da FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6267-2414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Set\u00fabal, Campus do IPS, Estefanilha, 2910-761 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Energy and Environment Research (CINEA), Campus do IPS, Estefanilha, 2910-761 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3958-0148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"P\u00e1ssaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Set\u00fabal, Campus do IPS, Estefanilha, 2910-761 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Energy and Environment Research (CINEA), Campus do IPS, Estefanilha, 2910-761 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Campus da FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3906-4349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Reboredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Campus da FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Geobiosciences, Geotechnologies and Geoengineering (GeoBioTec), Campus da FCT NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metalogonde-Ind\u00fastria Metalomec\u00e2nica, Lda, Zona Industrial No. 2, 3720-069 Loureiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transportes Figueiredo & Figueiredo, Lda, Rua Pereiro 1150, 3700-743 Milheir\u00f3s de Poiares, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Colier, P., and Page, J. 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