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The Douro Demarcated Region (DDR) stands out as one of the largest wine-producing areas in the country. Its centuries-old culture has fostered a rich diversity, developed through vegetative and genetic breeding. Within the wine market, the highest prices for grapes are attained only under optimal edaphoclimatic conditions and when phenotypic characteristics, such as berry size and color, flowering and seed number, align favorably. Viticulture is influenced by environmental factors, diseases, and pests, impacting its economic value, profitability, and, ultimately, the employment and economic conditions of those dependent on the crops. Genetic improvement of phenotypic traits offers a faster and more cost-effective means of achieving desirable characteristics, translating into enhanced productivity and wine quality. This work focuses on presenting information about Douro grapes (region, varieties, diseases\/pest, and economic value) and explores grapevine genetic diversity, along with approaches to identify genes associated with various desired traits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy14020245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T04:35:40Z","timestamp":1706070940000},"page":"245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Douro Vineyards: A Perspective for the Valorization and Conservation of Grapevine Genetic Resources"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0476-0261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Association BLC3\u2014Technology and Innovation Campus, Centre Bio R&D Unit|North Delegation, Rua Comendador Em\u00edlio Augusto Pires, Edif\u00edcio SIDE UP, 5340-257 Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2823-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana de Sousa","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Association BLC3\u2014Technology and Innovation Campus, Centre Bio R&D Unit|North Delegation, Rua Comendador Em\u00edlio Augusto Pires, Edif\u00edcio SIDE UP, 5340-257 Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9lia","family":"Sales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Association BLC3\u2014Technology and Innovation Campus, Centre Bio R&D Unit, Rua Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, 2, Lagares da Beira, 3405-155 Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Pontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Association BLC3\u2014Technology and Innovation Campus, Centre Bio R&D Unit, Rua Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, 2, Lagares da Beira, 3405-155 Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Association BLC3\u2014Technology and Innovation Campus, Centre Bio R&D Unit, Rua Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, 2, Lagares da Beira, 3405-155 Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.03.014","article-title":"The Terroir of Port Wine: Two Hundred and Sixty Years of History","volume":"257","author":"Nunes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto (IDPV) (2023, May 17). 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